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HOSA > HOSA Biomedical Debate > Flashcards

HOSA Biomedical Debate Flashcards

1
Q

Opioids

A

drugs with pain relieving properties that are used primarily to treat pain.

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2
Q

Prescribed Opioids

A 
codeine
fentanyl
morphine
oxycodone
hydromorphone
medical heroin
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3
Q

Reasons for Prescribing Opioids

A

acute (short-term) moderate to severe pain
chronic (long-term) pain
moderate to severe diarrhea
moderate to severe cough

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4
Q

available forms of opioids

A 
syrups
tablets
capsules
nasal sprays
skin patches
suppositories
liquids for injection
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5
Q

help prevent problematic use by others

A
  • never sharing your medication with anyone else
  • this is illegal and may also cause serious harm or death to the other person
  • keeping track of the amount of pills remaining in the package
  • storing opioids in a safe and secure place, out of the reach of children and teenagers
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6
Q

Unused portions should….

A
  • kept out of sight and reach of children and pets
  • stored in a safe place to prevent theft, problematic use or accidental exposure
  • returned to a pharmacy for safe disposal if it is no longer needed or expired
  • this prevents any possibility of illegal use and protects the environment from contamination
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7
Q

Short-term effects

A 
drowsiness
constipation
impotence in men
nausea and vomiting
euphoria (feeling high)
difficulty breathing, which can lead to or worsen sleep apnea

headaches, dizziness and confusion, which can lead to falls and fractures

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8
Q

Long-term effects

A

increased tolerance
substance use disorder or dependence
liver damage
infertility in women
worsening pain (known as “opioid-induced hyperalgesia”)
life-threatening withdrawal symptoms in babies born to mothers taking opioids

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9
Q

Physical withdraw effects

A 
chills
diarrhea
insomnia
sweating
body aches
nervousness
widespread or increased pain
irritability and agitation
nausea and stomach pain
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10
Q

Risk for overdose

A

-an opioid not prescribed for you
-a higher opioid dose than prescribed for you
-illegally produced or obtained drugs may contain opioids
-an opioid with alcohol
-an opioid with other depressant drugs including:
sleeping pills (benzodiazepines)
anxiety medication
muscle relaxants

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11
Q

Signs/symptoms of Overdose

A 
difficulty walking/talking/staying awake
blue lips or nails
very small pupils
cold and clammy skin
dizziness and confusion
extreme drowsiness
choking, gurgling or snoring sounds
slow, weak or no breathing
inability to wake up, even when shaken or shouted at
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12
Q

Reducing the risk of overdose

A
  • not using alone
  • knowing your tolerance (how much you can take)
  • having a naloxone kit available, and knowing how to use it
  • using a small amount of an opioid first to check the strength
  • not taking opioids with alcohol or other drugs (unless prescribed by your doctor)
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13
Q

Nicknames of Fentanyl

A 
Apache,
China Girl,
China White,
Dance Fever,
Friend,
Goodfella,
Green beans,
Jackpot,
Murder 8,
Shady 80s,
TNT,
Tango and Cash
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14
Q

Naloxone

A

a drug hat can temporarily reverse the effects of an opioid overdose

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15
Q

more than two million Americans…

A

become dependent on or abused prescription pain pills and street drugs.

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16
Q

of overdoses in US in 2017 that involved opioids

A

49,068

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17
Q

of people that die everyday due to opioid drug related overdose in 2016/2017

A

130

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18
Q

percentage of prescribed opioids

A

Dropped 10.2% in 2017 from 2016

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19
Q

Opioids bind…

A

to receptors in the brain and spinal cord, disrupting pain signals

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20
Q

Hormone released by Opioids

A

Dopamine

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21
Q

Morphine and codeine

A

derived from opium poppy plant grown in Asia, Central America, and South America

22
Q

Hydrocodone and Oxycodone

A

Semi-synthetic drugs; manufactured in labs

23
Q

Most prescribed opioid in 2016/2017?

A

Hydrocodine

24
Q

Hydrocodine

A

Vicodin

25
Q

Second most prevalent Opioid

A

Oxycodone

26
Q

Oxycodone

A

procecet

27
Q

of hydrocodone distributed

A

6.2 billion

28
Q

of Oxycodone distributed

A

5 billion

29
Q

percentage of consumed hydrocodone in America (based against other Countries)

A

99.7%

30
Q

Fentanyl

A

Fully synthetic drug, used to alleviate severe pain associated with terminal illness

31
Q

What drug is 100x more powerful than Morphine?

A

Fentanyl

32
Q

Methadone

A

fully synthetic drug, dispensed to recovering heroin addicts to relieve withdrawal symptoms

33
Q

Opioid Use Disorder (OUD)

A

Clinical name for Opioid addiction

34
Q

Opioid Fraud and abuse detection unit

A

prosecute individuals who commit opioid-related health care fraud

35
Q

Percentage of opioid deaths caused by Fentanyl in 2016

A

46%

36
Q

West Virginia

A

Ranked 1st in opioid related deaths/100,000 people with 43.40 according to National institute on drug abuse

37
Q

Nebraska

A

Ranked 50th in opioid related deaths/100,000 people with 2.40 according to National Institute on drug abuse

38
Q

Texas

A

Ranked 48th in opioid related deaths/100,000 people with 4.90 according to National Institute on drug abuse

39
Q

Street names for Codeine

A 
Captain Cody
Cody
Lean
Schoolboy
Sizzurp
Purple drank with gluteth-imide: Doors & Four
Loads,
Pancakes and Syrup
40
Q

Street names for Oxymorphone

A 
Biscuits,
Blue Heaven,
Blues,
Mrs. O,
O Bomb,
Octagons,
Stop Signs
41
Q

Street names for Oxycodone

A 
O.C.,
Oxycet,
Oxycotton,
Oxy,
Hillbilly Heroin,
Percs
42
Q

Street names for Morphine

A

M,
Miss Emma,
Monkey,
White Stuff

43
Q

street name for Hydrocodone

A

Vike,

Watson-387

44
Q

Street names for Hydromorphone

A 
D,
Dillies,
Footballs,
Juice,
Smack
45
Q

street names for Merperidine

A

Demmies,

Pain Killer

46
Q

street names for Mathaone

A

Amidone,

Fizzies with MDMA: Chocolate Chip Cookies

47
Q

Dsuvia

A

5-10 times stronger than Fentanyl and 1000 more potent than Morphine

48
Q

Restrictions to Dsuvia

A
  • cannot be used for more than 72 hours
  • only be distributed to health care settings certified in the DSUVIA Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS) program
  • same black-box warnings as are required for all opioids about the risk of misuse and abuse that can lead to addiction and overdose death
49
Q

United States overdose ranking

A

ranked 1st in overall overdose deaths and more than the next 12 countries combined (Includes more than Opioid deaths)

50
Q

Opioid Addictions –

A

Opioids produce a sense of wellbeing or euphoria that can be addictive to some people.

51
Q

Opioids used for wellbeing

A

Opioids are legitimately used for treating pain. When used for pain relief, many people develop tolerance, meaning they need more and more to get the same effect. Some people go on to develop an addiction to opioids. They begin to obsessively think about getting more opiates and in some cases engage in illegal activities such as double doctoring.

52
Q

Death caused by opioids

A

Tolerance to the euphoric effect of opioids develops faster than tolerance to the dangerous. Therefore people often overdose by mistake because they are trying to get a higher high and take too much.

HOSA (10 decks)

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