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HOSA > Dental Terminology Deck 2 > Flashcards

Dental Terminology Deck 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Carvers

A

Used to carve or recreate tooth anatomy on amalgam restorations

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2
Q

interproximal carver (IPC)

A

thin, rounded working ends used on M, D, F, L surfaces

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3
Q

Discoid/Cleoid Carver

A

used to carve occlusal surfaces. Double ended. Discoid end is disc shaped and Cleoid end is like a spade

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4
Q

Walls Carver

A

Double ended instrument that carves occlusal surfaces and is square on one end and round on the other

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5
Q

Finishing aids

A

once restoration material is placed a variety of aids are used to smooth restoration

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6
Q

contra angle

A

a common attachment for a low speed handpeice, this tool is designed to allow operator intraoral access with easier adaptation to tooth surfaces

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7
Q

straight attachment

A

a common attachment for a low speed handpiece, this tool uses a long, smooth shank bur. Ideal for grinding, adjusting, and polishing dental appliances MAINLY outside of the mouth

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8
Q

Auto matrix

A

what is used when there is less tooth structure remaining after prepping a cavity?

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9
Q

gingival margin

A

outmost edge of gingiva

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10
Q

cortical bone

A

forms hard outer wall of mandible and maxillae on facials and linguals

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11
Q

fenestration

A

window-like defect in cortical bone

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12
Q

dehisence

A

cleft like defect in cortical bone involving bone margins

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13
Q

cancellous bone

A

lattice-like bone that fills interior portion of the alveolar process

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14
Q

alveolar bone proper

A

thin layer of bone that lines the socket to surround the root of tooth

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15
Q

crestal interdental bone

A

coronal portion of alveolar process seen in between teeth- can be seen on BWX

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16
Q

trigeminal nerve

A

name nerve to supply to periodontium

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17
Q

anastomose

A

join together

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18
Q

superior alveolar arteries

A

name major artery that supplies maxillary teeth and tissues

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19
Q

inferior alveolar artery

A

major artery that supplies mandibular teeth and tissues

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20
Q

submandibular, deep cervical, submental, and jugulodigastric nodes

A

the four nodes that drain the head and neck

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21
Q

extracellular matrix

A

collagen fibers, ground substance, tissue fluid

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22
Q

keratinized layer

A

outermost surface layer composed of cells with no nuclei, and is very tough and resistant

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23
Q

nonkeratinized layer

A

cells have nuclei and act as a cushion for stress and wear

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24
Q

basal layer

A

deepest layer of ET cells, composed of cube shaped cells

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25
Q

superior alveolar nerves

A

the nerves that supply the maxillary arch

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26
Q

inferior alveolar nerve

A

the nerves that supply the mandibular arch

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27
Q

functions of the extracellular matrix

A

to hold cells and tissues together and regulate the transport of water, nutrients and electrolytes

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28
Q

keratin

A

what is found in skin, oral mucosa, and mucous membranes of body

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29
Q

basal cells

A

deepest layers of ET- cube shaped cells attached to the basal lamina

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30
Q

basal lamina

A

thin, tough extracellular matrix that seperates the ET cells from the underlying nerve tissue

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31
Q

desmosome

A

button like adhesion discs that connect two neighboring ET cells and their cytoskeleton together

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32
Q

hemidesmosomes

A

a half desmosome that connects that epithelial basal cells to the basal lamina

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33
Q

vertical bone loss

A

uneven loss of bone

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34
Q

horizontal bone loss

A

equal bone loss

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35
Q

ligature tie

A

used to secure the arch wire within the bracket

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36
Q

separator

A

a device made from wire or elastic used to wedge molars open prior to fitting and placement of orthodontic bands

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37
Q

cephalometric radiograph

A

an extraoral radiograph of bones and tissues of the head

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38
Q

mesioclusion

A

another term for class II malocclusion

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39
Q

overjet

A

the excessive protrusion of maxillary incisors is diagnosed

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40
Q

auxillary

A

attachments located on brackets and bands that hold arch wires and elastics in place

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41
Q

crowding

A

condition that occurs when teeth are not properly aligned with the arch

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42
Q

ligature

A

light wire used to hold the arch wire in its bracket

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43
Q

maloclusion

A

any deviation from a class I occlusion

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44
Q

separator

A

device made from wire or elastic and used to seperate molars before fitting and placing of orthodontic bands

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45
Q

panorex

A

panoramic view of both the upper and lower jaw

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46
Q

esthetic

A

pleasing to the eye

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47
Q

Class II Malocclusion

A

condition also referred to as a distoclustion

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48
Q

Class III Maloclussion

A

also known as the bulldog bite

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49
Q

malocclusion

A

any deviation from normal occlusion

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50
Q

headgear

A

an appliance used in orthodontics to control growth and tooth movement

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51
Q

fetal molding

A

deformation of jaw caused by position of baby in fetus

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52
Q

closed bite

A

overbite

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53
Q

interceptive orthodontics

A

space maintainers used in growing children

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54
Q

open bite

A

incisors do not pass one another on the vertical axis

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55
Q

prognathia

A

developmental malocclusion

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56
Q

preventitive orthodontics

A

appliances to maintain space

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57
Q

debride

A

scraping away

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58
Q

gingivectomy

A

surgical removal of gum tissue

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59
Q

gingivitis

A

inflammation of the gums

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60
Q

gingivoplasty

A

surgical repair of the gums

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61
Q

necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis

A

an infection of the gums

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62
Q

pericoronitis

A

inflammmation around the crown of a partially erupted tooth

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63
Q

periodontics

A

specialty that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of the periodontium

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64
Q

periodontosis

A

advanced inflammation and the destruction of the gingiva

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65
Q

sublingual calculus

A

calculus deposited below the gingiva

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66
Q

sulcus

A

space between the free ginviva and the tooth

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67
Q

supraginvival calculus

A

calculus depossited above the gingiva

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68
Q

small device bonded to teeth to hold the arch wire in place

A

bracket

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69
Q

auxiliary

A

attachments located on brackets and bands that hold arch wires and elastics in place

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70
Q

cross-bite

A

condition that occurs when a tooth is not properly aligned with its opposing tooth

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71
Q

dentofacial

A

structures that include the teeth jaws and surrounding facial bones

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72
Q

ectopic

A

an abnormal direction of tooth eruption

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73
Q

crowding

A

condition that occurs when teeth are not properly aligned with the arch

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74
Q

arch wire

A

a contoured metal wire that provides force when teeth are guided in movement for orthodontics

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75
Q

band

A

stainless steel ring attached to molars to hold arch wire and auxiliaries for orthodontics

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76
Q

apex finder

A

a unit which measures the distance into the apex of a tooth and displays the info on a digital read out

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77
Q

apexogenesis

A

pulpotomy of a permanent tooth whereby pulp vitality is maintained; allowing time for the root end to develop and close

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78
Q

apical periodontits

A

pulpal inflammation that extends to the periapical tissues

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79
Q

barbed broaches

A

used to remove soft tissue from the pulpal canal

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80
Q

cellulitis

A

swelling and discomfort of facial tissue caused by an abscess

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81
Q

chelating

A

the process by which an agent grasps a toxic substance and makes it non-toxic

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82
Q

electronic pulp tester

A

a battery operated tool that creates an electrical stimulus to the tooth indicating if the pulp is vital or nonvital

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83
Q

endodontic handpiece

A

an attachment to a low speed hand piece that supplies quarter turn motion constantly and evenly

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84
Q

exudate

A

pus

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85
Q

fistula

A

a tube like passage from and abscess to the external surface; used to drain the abscess

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86
Q

glick #1

A

endodontic instrument used to remove excess gutta percha

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87
Q

heating unit

A

provides heat for vitality testing warming the gutta percha for obturation and providing heat

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88
Q

intracanal instruments

A

made of stainless steel and nickel titanium alloy wire. They are flexible and fracture resistant, smooth, able to maintain sharp cutting edges and corrostion resistant

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89
Q

irriversible pulpitis

A

inflammation of the pulpal tissue to the point where it cannot recover; includes root canal or extraction

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90
Q

k type files

A

standard files used to scrape and widen the walls of the canal and to remove necrotic tissue

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91
Q

master cone

A

the primary cone normally gutta percha used in a root canal

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92
Q

nonvital pulp

A

the pulp of the tooth that does not respond to sensory stimuli

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93
Q

osteomyelitis

A

advanced stage of periapical infection that spreads into and through the bone

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94
Q

percussion

A

examination of a tooth by tapping the occlusal or incisal surface with fingers or instruments

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95
Q

pluggers

A

used in amalgam fillings and root canal fillings to pack amalgam into the tooth

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96
Q

pulpal necrosis

A

death of pulpal cells, often results from irreversible pulpitis

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97
Q

reamers

A

endodontic instruments with a tapered metal shaft used to clean and enlarge a root canal

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98
Q

retrograde filling

A

filling material placed in the apex of a tooth during and apicoectomy

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99
Q

reversible pulpitis

A

inflammation of the pulp caused by an irritant’ when irritant is removed the pulp heals

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100
Q

root amputation

A

surgical procedure to remove one or more roots of a multi rooted tooth

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101
Q

root canal sealer

A

cement used with gutta percha to seal the pulp canal

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102
Q

rubber stops

A

pieces of rubber placed on files and reamers to mark the length of the root canal

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103
Q

selective anesthesia

A

one area of a patients mouth that is seelected for an injection to idetify which tooth or arch is problematic

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104
Q

sodium hypochlorite

A

the most common bio mechanical cleaner, also known as household bleach

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105
Q

spreaders

A

endodontic instrument used when sealing the root canal

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106
Q

transillumination test

A

reflection of fiber optic light though the crown of a tooth to indicate vertical fracture

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107
Q

ultrasonic unit

A

designed for troughing around a post and opening calcified canal; breaking away cement or calculus

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108
Q

vital pulp

A

healthy pulp

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109
Q

vitality scanner

A

an electronic pulp testing unit that measures whether a tooth is vital or non vital

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110
Q

retrograde restoration

A

small restoration placed at the apex of a root

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111
Q

Hedstrom File

A

a hand instrument used for the enlargement of a canal. It has a spiral which only cuts on a pull stroke. It makes walls smooth and easier to fill

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112
Q

abcess

A

a localized accumulation of pus in a cavity formed by the tissue disintegration

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113
Q

obturation

A

process of filling a root canal

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114
Q

perforation

A

Making a hole that breaks through the enamel of a tooth

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115
Q

percussion

A

examination technique that involves tapping on the incisal or occlusal surface of a tooth to assess vitality

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116
Q

apicoectomy

A

excision of the apical portion of the tooth root

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117
Q

canal

A

pulp chamber of a root

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118
Q

creosote

A

antiseptic agent

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119
Q

electrode

A

tip of a vitalometer

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120
Q

electrolyte

A

substance in which solutions are capable of transmitting electrical current

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121
Q

endodontics

A

specialty that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of dental pulp

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122
Q

extirpation

A

complete removal of pulp tissue

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123
Q

granuloma

A

tumor like mass or nodule

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124
Q

lentulo spiral

A

flexible needle like instrument capable of being inserted into a hole

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125
Q

percussion

A

the act of striking the tooth to determine thickness

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126
Q

pulpectomy

A

removal of the dental pulp from a tooth

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127
Q

pulpotomy

A

the partial removal of dental pulp

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128
Q

vitality testing

A

tests performed to determine pulp vitality

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129
Q

vitalometer

A

electrical device used to determine pulp vitality

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130
Q

cap

A

used on anterior teeth

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131
Q

abtument

A

a tooth or implant that supports a dental prosthesis

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132
Q

alginate

A

impression material

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133
Q

coping

A

thin metal covering over a tooth

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134
Q

counter model

A

opposing arch model

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135
Q

artificial crown

A

a restoration that covers the entire anatomy of the tooth

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136
Q

dowel

A

artificial crown held in position by a post or pin

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137
Q

temporary

A

artificial crown not meant to be used permanently

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138
Q

custom tray

A

an individual tray for final impressions

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139
Q

denture

A

replacement for missing teeth

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140
Q

die

A

a replica of a tooth

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141
Q

final impression

A

the last, most exact impression

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142
Q

impression

A

imprint of the teeth and tissue

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143
Q

immediate denture

A

appliance that is placed at the time of surgery

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144
Q

caries

A

dental decay

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145
Q

PFM

A

porcelain fused to metal crown– restoration with metal coping for strength and covered by porcelain for the appearance

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146
Q

porcelain

A

shells veneer covers, or facing fused to the surface of a metal crown to give the appearance of natural tooth surface; often abbreviated PFM

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147
Q

composite

A

resin material used for tooth colored replacement

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148
Q

acrylic

A

synthetic resin material used in fabrication of appliance parts, as coverings for the metal frameworks, or as natural tissue replacement

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149
Q

ceramic

A

hard brittle material produced from non-metallic substances fired at high temperatures; supplied in block shape for milling into crown and tooth forms.

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150
Q

titanium

A

corrosion-resistant, lightweight, strong bio-compatible metal used in dental implants and posts

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151
Q

choice

A

depends on the characteristics of that material relevant to the prostheses construction

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152
Q

fixed prosthodontics

A

various fixed prosthodontic appliances are used in mouth restoration, form the singular crown to a full arched bridge

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153
Q

inlay

A

a solid casted or milled restoration involving some occlusal and proximal surfaces that is cemented into tooth preparation

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154
Q

onlay

A

a solid casted or milled restoration that covers some occlusal tooth cusp and side wall area that is cemented onto the prepared site

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155
Q

crown

A

a fabricated, toothed shaped cover replacement for a missing crown area that is cemented onto the remaining prepared crown surfaces

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156
Q

full crown

A

cast metal, tooth shaped cover that replaces the entire crown area. acrylic resin crowns may be used as a temporary crown cover during treatment

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157
Q

jacket crown

A

thin performed metal sheild used to cover a large area of anterior crowns. Can be gold or metal covered with material to resemble tooth enamel

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158
Q

dowel crown

A

full crown cover art dowel pin extending into the root canal of a pulpless tooth, usually positioned in anterior teeth

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159
Q

three quarter crown

A

similar to a full crown covering all of the crown except the facial surface if the tooth that remains intact to present an esthetic, natural appearance

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160
Q

porcelain fused to gold (pfm)

A

crown that has a complete capping of metal bese with fused porcelain to metal, giving tooth contour, shape, and cover

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161
Q

direct veneer

A

is placed and cured directly on the tooth surface to build up the area or replacing missing tooth structure

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162
Q

indirect veneer

A

tooth material is prepared in the lab and later cemented onto the tooth structure

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163
Q

bridge

A

a prosthesis used to replace one or more teeth

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164
Q

fixed bridge

A

cemented into the oral cavity and not removed by the pt. the number of teeth involved in the appliance determines the number in units

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165
Q

maryland bridge

A

replaces anterior or posterior tooth and is cemented directly to the adjacent or abutting teeth; also called a resin bonded bridge

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166
Q

cantilever bridge

A

bridge with unsupported end, usually saddled

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167
Q

pontic

A

the first part of a bridge, the artificual tooth that replaces the missing tooth and resores function to the bite

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168
Q

abutment

A

second part of a bridge. the natural tooth or teeth that are prepared to hold or support the retaining part of the bridgework in that position.

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169
Q

adjacent

A

the third part of the bridge, teeth. it may be included in units if they involved in the bridge area

170
Q

complete denture

A

full denture designed to replace the entire dentition of an upper or lower arch

171
Q

partial denture

A

removable appliance, usually composed of framework, artificial teeth, and acrylic. replaces one or more teeth in the arch

172
Q

immediate denture

A

denture prosthesis that is placed into the mouth at the time the natural teeth are surgically removed

173
Q

overdenture

A

prosthetic denture that is prepared to fit and be secured upon implant posts or prepared retained roots

174
Q

framework

A

metal skeleton or spine onto which a removable prosthesis is constructed

175
Q

saddle

A

the part of the removable prosthesis that strides or straddles the gingival crest used to balance the prosthesis, and serves as a base for placement of artificial teeth

176
Q

rests

A

small extensions of removable prosthesis made to fit or sit atop the adjoining teeth, provide balance and stability for the partial denture appliance. rests are named for the area that is in contact with the tooth

177
Q

clasp

A

extension of partial framework that grasps the adjoining teeth to provide support and retention of the prosthesis

178
Q

retainer

A

in fixed prosthesis, the part of ten appliances that joins with abutting, natural tooth to support the appliance, like the pillar holding the span of a bridge over the water. Some retainers are thin bars extending from quadrant to quadrant, called lingual bars or palatial bars

179
Q

connector

A

used to connect quadrants of a partial denture or connect and support and overdenture

180
Q

stress breaker

A

a connector applied in stress bearing areas to provide a safe area for breakage

181
Q

artificial teeth

A

anatomical substitutes for natural teeth, made of porcelain or acrylic material in various shades and shapes, called molds

182
Q

denture base

A

acrylic part of the denture prosthesis that substitutes for the gingival tissue

183
Q

flange

A

projecting rim or lower edge of prosthesis

184
Q

post dam

A

posterior edge of maxillary denture; helps to maintain the denture and suction

185
Q

types of prevention

A

primary, secondary, tertiary

186
Q

factors affecting dental public health

A

access to care
infrastructure
workforce
dental hygiene
oral health disparities
dental care needs of the aging population
malpractice
dental insurance

187
Q

t-band

A

type of matrix band used for primary teeth. Most commonly used instrument used to help restore a class two preparation in primary posterior tooth

188
Q

ZOE

A

zinc-oxide-eugenol material used as a base, temp fill, or cement. also known as IRM

189
Q

Space maintainer

A

an appliance to reserve the space until the permanent tooth erupts

190
Q

contouring pliers

A

to crimp and shape marginal edge of stainless steel crowns

191
Q

formocresol

A

widely used medicament for a pulpotomy procedure

192
Q

sealant

A

protective acrylic substance that covers occlusal pits and fissures

193
Q

Calcium hydroxide

A

used in pulpotomy procedure that has a therapeutic effect known as dycal

194
Q

indirect pulp cap

A

thin portion of dentin still intact with the pulp not exposed

195
Q

direct pulp cap

A

the pulp is slightly exposed

196
Q

emodogain

A

protein matrix that helps rebuild lost tissues

197
Q

splint

A

is placed on an avulsed permanent anterior incisor to keep the tooth stable after replantation

198
Q

anterior teeth

A

the most commonly injured teeth due to traumatic injury

199
Q

enamel

A

most highly mineralized tissue in the body, stronger than bone and hardest substance in the body

200
Q

epsulis

A

fibrous, sarcomatous tumor; also called gumboil

201
Q

abscess

A

local collection of pus

202
Q

germinate

A

attempted division of a single tooth

203
Q

intrinsic

A

internal discoloration of teeth resulting from diet, medication, or excessive fluoride intake during tooth development

204
Q

fissured tongue

A

grooved division, cleft, or split of the tongue

205
Q

neurofibromatosis

A

tumor on peripheral nerves

206
Q

avulsed

A

torn away or dislodged by force

207
Q

frankl

A

scale designed to evaluate patient behavior

208
Q

ectopic arrangement

A

a disturbance in the eruption pattern; tooth erupts out of place

209
Q

anodontia

A

absence of teeth usually of genetic origin; complete failure of teeth to form

210
Q

macrodontia

A

abnormally large teeth

211
Q

hyperdontia

A

excess number of supernumerary teeth

212
Q

hypodontia

A

congenital absence of teeth; fewer teeth than normal

213
Q

enamel hypoplasia

A

underdevelopment of enamel tissue

214
Q

dentinogenesis imperfecta

A

incomplete or improper development of dentin tissue

215
Q

amelogenesis imperfecta

A

incomplete or improper development of the enamel tissue

216
Q

aplasia

A

failure of an organ or body part to develop

217
Q

fusion of teeth

A

union of two independently developing primary or secondary teeth

218
Q

caries

A

dental decay; the number one disease of children

219
Q

epulis

A

fibrous, sarcomatous tumor; also called gum boil

220
Q

cellulitis

A

inflammation in the cellular or connective tissue

221
Q

early tooth exfoliation

A

shedding or falling off; tooth loss resulting in the shifting of teeth and loss of tooth position

222
Q

baby bottle mouth

A

mouth condition of badly decayed and rotted teeth with accompanying gum-tissue soreness that is caused from prolonged access to bottle feeding through sleep and eating

223
Q

natal tooth

A

a tooth present when born

224
Q

neonatal

A

teeth erupting in the first month

225
Q

macroglossia

A

large tongue; enlarged tongue

226
Q

ankloglossia

A

abnormally short lingual frenum causing limited tongue movement

227
Q

abnormal labial frenum

A

enlarged or thick labial frenum that may cause diastema

228
Q

micrognathia

A

abnormally small jaw; undersized mandible

229
Q

neoplasms

A

new growths of oral soft tissue and bones

230
Q

odontoma

A

tumor of a tooth or dental tissue; abnormal cell proliferation

231
Q

papilloma

A

neoplasm arising from epithelial cells

232
Q

verruca vulgaris

A

oral warts; viral cause, possibly from finger sucking

233
Q

granuloma

A

grandular tumor usually of epithelioid or lymphoid cells

234
Q

hemangioma

A

vascular tumor, generally located in the neck/head area

235
Q

lymphangioma

A

tumor made up of lymphatic vessels

236
Q

lymphoma

A

new tissue growth in the lymphatic system

237
Q

mucocele

A

mucous cyst

238
Q

ranula

A

mucocele in the floor of the mouth in the sublingual duct

239
Q

scorbutic

A

lacking vitamin c; acute gingivitis

240
Q

candidiasis

A

fungus infection; thrush

241
Q

enamoplasty

A

the selective reduction of fissures and occlusal irregularities caused by grinding

242
Q

self-cured

A

when mixed, base and catalyst are chemically polymerized

243
Q

light cured

A

polymerizes with the use of a curing light

244
Q

pit and fissure sealant application

A

prophlaxis, isolation, and then acid etching before placement of the topical sealant; when in place and hardened the sealant will form an even, hard acrylic coating on the chewing surfaces, eliminating any deep pits or fissures

245
Q

etching

A

using acid to cut into strong parts

246
Q

ankylosed

A

fixed stiff

247
Q

diastema

A

an open area between the central incisors

248
Q

band and loop

A

space maintainer; an appliance consisting of a wire loop soldered to a band and designed to prevent space loss in a dental arch when a tooth has been lost prematurely

249
Q

distal shoe

A

used when the permanent first molar has not yet erupted

250
Q

bite plane

A

may be constructed to correct a simple cross bite, or the child may be fitted for a device to combat bad habits, such as thumb-sucking, nail-biting, or lip sucking

251
Q

deciduous

A

not permanent

252
Q

T band matrix

A

curved or straight; bands are bent into a circle and the t edges are folded over to hold the shape

253
Q

small cavities

A

may be excised using a laser beam, small curette, and acid solution to eliminate impurities and then refilled with amalgam or a composite material.

254
Q

stainless steel crown/straight edge

A

badly decayed or broken down teeth receive these; crown is fitted, and cemented onto tooth

255
Q

pulp

A

highly innervated and vascular component of tooth; primary sensation signaled by pulp is pain because it is extremely sensitive

256
Q

apexogenesis

A

treatment of a vital pulp to allow continued natural development

257
Q

apexification

A

treatment of a non vital tooth to stimulate closure and the development of cementum

258
Q

pulp capping

A

placement of medication to sedate and treat inflamed pulp

259
Q

indirect capping

A

needed when the pulp has not yet been exposed

260
Q

direct capping

A

medicament is placed directly upon the exposed, affected pulp

261
Q

pulpectomy

A

removal of pulpal tissue from the crown and root sections; may be endontically filled immediately or followed later with endodontic treatment after apexification and closure of the apex of a young, secondary tooth

262
Q

positive reinforcement

A

compliments for good behavior, suggestions of positive actions

263
Q

distraction

A

change focus from dental work to school, friends, hobbies, sports, etc.

264
Q

voice control

A

friendly tone but firm, such as “we don’t do that here” remarks

265
Q

dental (rubber) dam

A

provides control of the tongue and saliva, and maintains a sterile and open area.

266
Q

papoose board

A

a wrapping device used to restrain the patient for a difficult or precise treatment

267
Q

oral medication

A

the child is conscious but becomes relaxed and is responsive to touch and directions

268
Q

local anesthetic

A

after a preliminary application of topical anesthetic, a local anesthetic is injected into the work area to relieve pain

269
Q

inhalation sedation

A

administration of nitrous oxide with at least 20% oxygen, reduces gagging and anxiety; child is conscious but not anxious

270
Q

submucosal sedation

A

“under the mucous membrane” deposit of the drug beneath the mucous membrane

271
Q

subcutaneous sedation

A

“under the skin”; injection of the drug under the tissues

272
Q

rectal insertion

A

a possible method of drug administration but usually not done unless other methods are complicated or unavailable

273
Q

Class I tooth fracture

A

Fractured enamel showing rough edges with no dentin involved

274
Q

Class II tooth fracture

A

fractured enamel with dentin involved and no pulp tissue included

275
Q

Class III tooth fracture

A

full fracture of tooth, exposing pulp

276
Q

Class Iv tooth fracture

A

Tooth crown is fractured off

277
Q

pulpal hyperemia

A

Congestion of blood with in the pulp chamber

278
Q

internal hemorrhage

A

rupture of pulpal capillaries

279
Q

internal/external resporption

A

destructive, dissolving process caused by odontoclastic action

280
Q

pulpal necrosis

A

pulpal death

281
Q

ankylosis

A

fusion of cement rum to the root with cribriform plate of the alveolar bone with no intervening periodontal ligament

282
Q

toothprint

A

a thermoplastic wafer impression record of the childs unique occlusion

283
Q

luxation

A

another word for displacement

284
Q

athetosis

A

type of involuntary movement of the body face and extremeties

285
Q

crossbite

A

condition that occurs when a tooth is not properly aligned with it’s opposing tooth

286
Q

extrustion

A

displacement of a tooth from it’s socket as a result of injury

287
Q

festooning

A

procedure to trim or shape a denture to simulate normal tissue appearance

288
Q

intrusion

A

displacement of a tooth into it’s socket as a result of injury

289
Q

open bay

A

concept of open design used in pediatric dental practices

290
Q

Surgical scalpel types

A

single use (disposable) or multiple use

291
Q

mouth props/gags

A

used to keep the mouth open during treatment

292
Q

Periosteal elevator

A

used to detach the periosteum from bone

293
Q

elevator

A

used to remove root fragments, tooth fragments, etc. Types include apical and root tip picks

294
Q

root tip picks

A

used to tease the root tip/fragments out of the socket

295
Q

surgical office

A

high risk area of infection

296
Q

radiographs

A

periapical, panoramic, occlusal, cephalopotric, computerized Tomography

297
Q

mandibular 3d molars

A

most frequent dry socket location

298
Q

prosthesis after implants.

A

crown, bridge, and denture

299
Q

sub periosteal and endosteal

A

most common dental implants

300
Q

differentioal diagnosis

A

a list of potential diseases or lesions that fit the information derived from the eval. of the patient.

301
Q

clinical symptoms

A

described by the pt.

302
Q

clinical signs

A

described by examiners

303
Q

macule

A

found in skin and mucosa, an area indistinguished by color than different surrounding tissue. It is flat.

304
Q

nodule

A

palpable solid lesion in soft tissue that is above, level with, or beneath the skin or oral mucosa

305
Q

tumor

A

solid raised mass >1cm. Mass of neoplastic cells. Can be benign or malignant

306
Q

exophytic

A

outwardly growing lesion

307
Q

pedunculated

A

attached by a stem like or stalk

308
Q

sessile

A

a flat or broad base of a lesion instead of pedunctulated. an outward growing lesion with large and wide base

309
Q

papillary

A

small, nipple shaped projection. usually found in clusters

310
Q

vesicle

A

sac, fluid filled, <1cm in diameter

311
Q

bulla

A

circumscribed elevated lesion >1cm in diameter. contains fluid and looks like a blister

312
Q

pustule

A

variously sized circumscribed elevations that contain pus

313
Q

ulcer

A

loss of survace tissue due to a sloughing of necrotic inflammatory tissue

314
Q

plaque

A

area with a flat surface and raised edges

315
Q

petechia

A

little red spots on the skin or mucous membrane. size ranges from pinpoint to 7mm in diameter. Caused by the escape of a small amount of blood

316
Q

ecchymosis

A

large reddish blue areas caused by escape of blood into the tissues. commonly known as a brouse and does not blanch on diascopy

317
Q

telangiectasia

A

formation of capilaries near surface of a tissue. may be a sign of a hereditary disorder, etOH abuse, or malignancy

318
Q

soft consistency

A

lesion composed of soft tissue

319
Q

fluctuant

A

a wave like motion that is felt when a fluid-containing structure is palpated

320
Q

rubbery

A

lesion resembles rubber; has elasticity

321
Q

firm

A

fixed. closely compressed, compact lesion

322
Q

indurated

A

an excessive hardening or firmness

323
Q

erythematous color

A

red

324
Q

fordyce granules

A

collections of ectopic sebaceous glands in mouth

325
Q

Torus Palatinus

A

exophytic nodular growth of dense cortical bone located in the midline of the hard palate

326
Q

Torus Mandibularis

A

exophytic nodular growth of dense cortical bone located in canine/premolar are of lingual mandible

327
Q

Physiologic Melanin Pigmentation

A

normal finding of melanin containing cells in the gingival tissue of non-caucasians

328
Q

Lingual varicosities

A

Prominint dilated lingual veins on VENTRAL and LATERAL surface of the TONGUE, asymptomatic, bilateral symmetry, no required treatment, commonly found in elderly pts.

329
Q

Leukoedema

A

accumulation of fluid within the epithelial cells of the buccal mucosa presented as a grayish or white mucosal lesion

330
Q

Hairy tongue

A

rare condition in chich filiform papillae become elongated resulting in white, yellow, brown, or black ‘hairy’ tongue

331
Q

Radiographic Terminology

A

radiolucent, radioplaque, mixed

332
Q

Radiographic shape

A

unilocular/multilocular

333
Q

Location of radiographic change

A

pericoronal, periapical, interradicular, periodontal

334
Q

unilocular

A

single rounded compartment or locule in a radiograph

335
Q

Multilocular

A

multiple rounded compartments or locules. appear as soap bubbles or honeycomb

336
Q

root resorption

A

breakdown or destruction of root structure

337
Q

scalloping

A

fluted border

338
Q

ground glass

A

fine radioplaque spots in radiolucent background

339
Q

punched out radiolucency

A

small areas of RL’s

340
Q

Surgical Aspirating Tip

A

long tubes, very slender or tapered to small openings. Used to aspirate blood and debris from the surgical site and tonsil suction for sedated pts.

341
Q

Surgical Currette

A

used to free debris from the tooth socket

342
Q

Mallet/chisel

A

used to remove/shape bone and to split teeth

343
Q

Currettes

A

used for currettage, debridemant of tooth socket and diseased tissue

344
Q

rongours

A

a hinged instrument used to trim and shape tha alveolar bone after extractions

345
Q

Extraction Forceps

A

used to remove teeth from the socket/alveolar bone. Different tyepes for each tooth/quadrant/arch. Univeral can ve used for either quadrand of an arch

346
Q

Extraction Forceps

A

used to remove teeth from the socket/alveolar bone. Different types for each tooth/quadrant/arch. Universal can be used for either quadrant of an arch

347
Q

forceps type

A

you can determine what arch forceps are for by looking at the curve of the shank and the number on the handle.

348
Q

silk sutures

A

removed 5-7 days after placement

349
Q

ry socket Prevention

A

patients asked to refrain from rinsing mough, smiking, spitting, or using straws

350
Q

Dry socket/Alveolitis

A

failure of clot formation or loss of clot

351
Q

Endosteal

A

placed in bone

352
Q

crepitis

A

cracking sound associated with TMJ

353
Q

Surgical/plastic stint

A

template for implants and surgery, guides dentist during surgery, placed over teeth

354
Q

3rd molar extraction

A

irrigated with saline

355
Q

Alveoplasty

A

the surgical shaping and smoothing of the margins of the tooth socket after extraction of the tooth, generally in preparation for the placement of a prothesis

356
Q

Bone file

A

to remove or smooth rough edges of alveolar bone

357
Q

Exfoliative biopsy

A

diagnostic procedure in which cells are scraped from a suspect of oral lesion for analysis

358
Q

forceps

A

instrument used to grasp tissue or clamp vessel

359
Q

impacted teeth

A

tooth that has not erupted

360
Q

Implant

A

a prothesis placed permanenetly in tissue

361
Q

Luxate

A

to dislocate, as a tooth from its socket

362
Q

Osseointegration

A

attachment of healthy bone to a dental implant

363
Q

Retractor

A

instrument used to hold back tissue

364
Q

Scalpel

A

a thin straight surgical knife used in dissection and surgery

365
Q

Stent

A

mold that is surgically placed to reinforce or hold open an area

366
Q

Subperiosteal

A

implant placed over the bone and under the periosteum

367
Q

Leukoplakia

A

white patches on the mucous membranes

368
Q

Sarcoma

A

a malignant neoplasm of the connective tissue

369
Q

Alveoloplasty

A

surgical repair of the alveolar bone

370
Q

Dry Socket

A

osteitis following extraction

371
Q

orthognathic surgery

A

surgery in which the jaws are moved into proper alignment

372
Q

Pericoronitis

A

inflammation around the crown of a partially erupted tooth

373
Q

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ)

A

the joint where the mandible meets the maxilla

374
Q

Trigeminal nerve

A

the 5th cranial nerve which supplies the face with sensation

375
Q

Trigeminal neuralgia

A

breakdown of the trigeminal nerve

376
Q

Benign

A

not cancerous

377
Q

Biopsy

A

the excision of tissue to establish a diagnosis

378
Q

Bruxism

A

the unconscious habit of grinding teeth

379
Q

Carcinoma

A

a cancerous tumor

380
Q

Chancre

A

an ulcer

381
Q

Cleft palate

A

congenital cleft

382
Q

Erosion

A

a loss of tooth structure

383
Q

Flurosis

A

hypoplasia and discoloration of teeth

384
Q

Geographic tongue

A

wandering inflammation of the tongue

385
Q

Glossalgia

A

pain in the tongue

386
Q

Glossitis

A

inflammation of the tongue

387
Q

Harelip

A

a cleft palate

388
Q

Herpes labialis

A

herpes simplex of the lip

389
Q

Hutchinson’s teeth

A

notched or pegged teeth

390
Q

Hypoplasia

A

a defective development of any tissue

391
Q

Oral pathology

A

specialty of dentistry that deals with the diagnosis of dental and oral diseases

392
Q

Excisional biopsy

A

surgical excision of wedge shaped tissue for diagnosis

393
Q

Frenectomy

A

surgical removal of the frenulum from its attachment

394
Q

Incisional biopsy

A

surgical excision of wedge shaped tissue for diagnosis

395
Q

Operculum

A

a hood of tissue over a partially erupted tooth

396
Q

Osteotomy

A

partial removal of bone

397
Q

Resorption

A

removal by absorption

398
Q

Attrition

A

wearing away

399
Q

Allogenic

A

belonging to the same species, but genetically different

400
Q

Alloplastic

A

refers to synthetic material often used for tissue augmentation or replacement

401
Q

Alveolar process

A

the part of the mandible or maxilla that forms the dental arch which contains the sockets for the teeth

402
Q

Calvarial

A

pertaining to the superior portion of the cranium where the fontanels of the infant are situated

403
Q

Condyle

A

rounded projection process at the epiphysis of a bone that articulates with another bone and serves as the point of attachment for ligaments

404
Q

Coronal flap

A

an incisional technique that begins with the development of a skin flap, the incision extends from one temporal region to another and horizontally across the frontal bone

405
Q

Craniosynostosis

A

premature closure of the cranial sutures of the infant

406
Q

Dentition

A

the development of teeth, including their arrangement, type, and number

407
Q

Glenoid fossa

A

the socket in which the head of the humerus articulates to form the shoulder joint

408
Q

Gnath-

A

combining form meaning jaw

409
Q

Labia

A

lips, a fleshy border

410
Q

Malar bone

A

cheek bone

411
Q

Malocclusion

A

abnormal alignment of the teeth of the upper jaw with those of the lower jaw

412
Q

Maxillofacial

A

pertaining to the face and maxilla

413
Q

Meniscus

A

a type of tissue made of cartilage that is fibrous, located in joints, spinal column, and bony pelvis. It serves to cushion and protect bone

414
Q

Mouth prop

A

a self retaining retractor used to keep the mough opoen during oral or dental procedures

415
Q

Orbicular

A

refers to something round

416
Q

Osteotomy

A

incision to the bone

417
Q

Ramus

A

smaller branch of a structure that extends from a large branch that divides into two parts- such as the rami of the pubis

418
Q

Reduction

A

correction or placement of a body structure back into normal anatomical position

419
Q

Sagittal

A

directional term that indicates a plane parallel to the midline that divides the body into right and left segments

420
Q

Symphysis

A

a joint in which the two bony structures are joined by fibrocartilage

HOSA (10 decks)

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