Nucleus

Question 1

Command center of the cell

Answer 1

Nucleus

Question 2

Contains the molecular machinery to replicate DNA and to synthesize and process all types of RNA

Answer 2

Nucleus

Question 3

3 types of RNA

Answer 3

rRNA (ribosomal)
tRNA (transfer)
mRNA (messenger)

Question 4

Appears as a large rounded or oval structure often near the center of the cell

Answer 4

Nucleus

Question 5

2 FUNCTIONS OF THE NUCLEUS

Answer 5

Cellular Regulation
Production

Question 6

o Houses genetic material, which directs all cellular activities and regulates cellular structure

Answer 6

Cellular regulation

Question 7

o Produces ribosomal subunits in nucleolus and exports them into cytoplasm for assembly into ribosomes.

Answer 7

Production

Question 8

(3) COMPONENTS OF THE NUCLEUS

Answer 8

• Nuclear Envelope

• Chromatin

• Nucleoli or Nucleolus

Question 9

Forms a selectively permeable barrier between the nuclear and cytoplasmic compartments

Answer 9

Nuclear envelope

Question 10

Nuclear envelope:

Has two concentric membranes separated by a narrow _________

Answer 10

perinuclear space

Question 11

Nuclear envelope:

are continuous with RER

Answer 11

Outer nuclear membrane

Question 12

Nuclear envelope:

is associated with a highly organized meshwork of nuclear space proteins called the nuclear lamina

Answer 12

Inner nuclear membrane

Question 13

Stabilizes the envelope/ membrane

Answer 13

Nuclear lamina

Question 14

The inner and outer nuclear membranes are bridged at ________

Answer 14

nuclear pore complexes

Question 15

Regulates movement of macromolecules between the nucleus and the cytoplasm

Answer 15

nuclear pore complexes

Question 16

Consists of the DNA and its attendant proteins in DNA a largely uncoiled state

Answer 16

Chromatin

Question 17

Group of proteins and DNA

Answer 17

Chromatin

Question 18

Two types of chromatin

Answer 18

Heterochromatin

Euchromatin

Question 19

• appears as coarse, electron-dense material and as intensely basophilic clumps in the light microscope

Answer 19

Heterochromatin

Question 20

• finely dispersed granular material in the electron microscope and as lightly stained basophilic areas in the light microscope

Answer 20

Euchromatin

Question 21

A small, dense mass of heterochromatin present in females but not males

Answer 21

CHROMATIN

Question 22

“___________” (or_______) is one of the two X chromosomes present in female.

Answer 22

Sex chromatin

Barr body

Question 23

DNA in chromatin is extensively packaged by associating with basic proteins called______

Answer 23

histones

Question 24

provides structural support for a chromosome.

Answer 24

Histones

Question 25

A protein associated with DNA

Answer 25

Histones

Question 26

Each long DNA double helix with its associated proteins is a ______

Answer 26

chromatid

Question 27

After DNA replication, two "chromatids held together by complexes of cohesion proteins make up each _______

Answer 27

chromosome

Question 28

A DNA molecule with part or all of the genetic material (Genome) of an organism. Vectors of heredity

Answer 28

Chromosome

Question 29

One copy of a newly copied chromosome which is still joined to the original chromosome by a single centromere.

Answer 29

CHROMATID

Question 30

Condensed form of DNA cells are actively dividing

Answer 30

CHROMOSOME

Question 31

contain genes determining whether an individual will develop as a female or a male.

Answer 31

X and Y sex chromosomes

Question 32

In addition to the pair of sex chromosomes, cells contain pairs of______.

Answer 32

autosomes

Question 33

Each of these pairs of chromosomes contains one chromosome originally derived from the mother and one derived from the father. The members of each chromosomal pair are called________.

Answer 33

homologous

Question 34

2 types of chromosomes

Answer 34

Sex Chromosomes Autosomes

Question 35

Chromosomes that are not sex chromosomes These are pairs 1-22 on a human karyotype

Answer 35

Autosomes

Question 36

Chromosomes that determine gender XX = female XY - male These are the 23rd pair on a human karyotype

Answer 36

Sex chromosomes

Question 37

Cells of most tissues (somatic cells) are considered_____ because they contain pairs of chromosomes.

Answer 37

diploid

Question 38

Sperm cells and mature oocytes are_____, with half the diploid number of chromosomes, each pair having been separated during meiosis.

Answer 38

haploid

Question 39

One copy of each chromosome

Answer 39

Haploid

Question 40

Two copies of each chromosome

Answer 40

Diploid (2n)

Question 41

Spherical, highly basophilic subdomain of nuclei in cells, actively making proteins

Answer 41

Nucleolus

Question 42

Intense basophilia of nucleoli is due not to heterochromatin but to the presence of densely concentrated _______

Answer 42

Nucleolus: ribosomal RNA

Question 43

Site of most of the synthesis of __________ and assembly of ribosome subunits

Answer 43

ribosomal RNA (rRNA)