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Histo LEC > Connective Tissue > Flashcards

Connective Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

Maintain the form of organs throughout the body

A

Connective tissue

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2
Q

Provide a matrix that supports and physically connects other tissues and cells together in organs

A

Connective tissue

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3
Q

__________ of connective tissue gives metabolic support to cells as the medium for diffusion of nutrients and waste products

A

Interstitial fluid

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4
Q

Connective tissue Originate from embryonic

A

mesenchyme

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5
Q

Major constituent of connective tissue is the

A

extracellular matrix (ECM)

Fibers
Ground substances

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6
Q
  • complex of anionic, hydrophilic proteoglycans, glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), and multi-adhesive glycoproteins (laminin, fibronectin, and others)
A

Ground substance

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7
Q

(such as collagens and elastic fibers)

A

Protein fibers

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8
Q

consists of closely aggregated cells connected firmly to one another in the form of cellular sheets that line the interior of hollow organs and cover the body surface

A

EPITHELIAL TISSUE

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9
Q

composed of epithelial cells and a small amount of extracellular matrix

A

EPITHELIAL TISSUE

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10
Q

arranged cellular sheets either in single or multiple layers

A

EPITHELIAL TISSUE

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11
Q

avascular except stria vascularis of the inner ear

A

EPITHELIAL TISSUE

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12
Q

forms the covering of various organs and thus is the outermost tissue in most organs

A

EPITHELIAL TISSUE

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13
Q

various organs like skin, buccal cavity, the lining of blood vessels, body cavities, glands, and their
ducts

A

EPITHELIAL TISSUE

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14
Q

less abundant than connective tissue

A

EPITHELIAL TISSUE

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15
Q

made up of cells, fibers, and gel-like substances that supports and gives structure to the body

A

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

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16
Q

composed of different cells and a
larger amount of extracellular matrix

A

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

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17
Q

scattered throughout the matrix in no particular arrangement

A

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

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18
Q

vascular except for cartilages
poorly vascular-tendons and ligaments

A

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

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19
Q

usually present underneath the epithelial tissue

A

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

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20
Q

forms the bones, cartilages, adipose tissue, reticular tissue, and the blood

A

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

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21
Q

most abundant animal tissue

A

CONNECTIVE TISSUE

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22
Q

Elastic fiber
Collagen fiber
Reticular fiber

A

Protein fibers

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23
Q

Resident cells

A

Mesenchymal cell
Macrophage
Adipocyte
Fibroblast

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24
Q

Product of fibroblasts

A

Extracellular fibers and ground substance

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25
Product of Plasma cells
Antibodies
26
Responsible for Various immune/defense functions
Lymphocytes (several types)
27
Responsible for: Modulate allergic/vasoactive reactions and defense against parasites
Eosinophilic leukocytes ANTIPARASITIC!!!!!!
28
Responsible for Phagocytosis of bacteria
Neutrophilic leukocytes
29
Responsible for Phagocytosis of ECM components and debris; antigen processing and presentation to immune cells; secretion of growth factors, cytokines, and other agents
Macrophages
30
Responsible for: Pharmacologically active molecules (eg, histamine)
Mast cells or Basophils
31
Storage of neutral fats
Adipocytes
32
Produce and maintain most of the tissue’s extracellular components
Fibroblasts
33
Synthesize and secrete collagen and elastin, as well as the GAGs, proteoglycans, and glycoproteins
Fibroblasts
34
______ fibroblast - nucleus is large, ovoid, euchromatic, and has a prominent nucleolus
Active
35
usually spindle-shaped and contains a darker, more heterochromatic nucleus
Quiescent fibroblast “fibrocyte
36
Produce and maintain most of the tissue’s extracellular components Large, mesenchymally derived cells
ADIPOCYTES
37
Specialized for cytoplasmic storage of lipid as neutral fats, or less commonly for the production of heat.
Adipocytes
38
Cushion and insulate the skin and other organs
Adipocytes
39
- phagocytic ability and specialize in turnover of protein fibers and removal of dead cells, tissue debris, or other particulate material
Macrophages
40
Measures between 10 and 30 μm in diameter and has an eccentrically located, oval or kidney-shaped nucleus.
MACROPHAGES
41
MACROPHAGES also known as
HISTIOCYTES
42
Macrophages derive from bone marrow precursor cells that divide, producing______
monocytes
43
T or F| Monocytes and macrophages are the same cell at different stages of maturation
TRUEEEEEEE
44
Oval or irregularly shaped connective tissue cells, between 7 and 20 μm in diameter
MAST CELLS
45
Cytoplasm is filled with basophilic secretory granules Nucleus is centrally situated Abundant secretory granules
Mast cells
46
Roles in the local inflammatory response, innate immunity, and tissue repair.
Mast cells
47
- sulfated GAG that acts locally as an anticoagulant
Heparin
48
- promotes increased vascular permeability and smooth muscle contraction
Histamine
49
- activate various mediators of inflammation
Serine proteases
50
attracts leukocytes
Eosinophil and neutrophil chemotactic factors
51
- polypeptides directing activities of leukocytes and other cells of the immune system
Cytokines
52
- precursors for conversion to prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and other important lipid mediators of the inflammatory response.
Phospholipid
53
B-lymphocyte–derived, antibody- producing cells Large, ovoid cells have basophilic cytoplasm due to their richness in RER
PLASMA CELLS
54
Nucleus is generally spherical but eccentrically placed Clock-face appearance
PLASMA CELLS
55
Wandering cells in connective tissue Leave blood via diapedesis Increases greatly during inflammation
LEUKOCYTES
56
Most abundant protein in the human body Strong and resistant to normal shearing and tearing forces
COLLAGEN
57
Initiated by specific enzymes called collagenases, which are members of an enzyme class called matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs).
COLLAGEN DEGRADATION
58
Consist mainly of collagen type III
RETICULAR FIBERS
59
Characteristically stained black by impregnation with silver salts - termed argyrophilic
RETICULAR FIBERS
60
Occur in the reticular lamina of basement membranes and surround adipocytes, smooth muscle and nerve fibers, and small blood vessels
RETICULAR FIBERS
61
Form sparse networks interspersed with collagen bundles in many organs Have physical properties to be stretched or distended and return to their original shape Composite of fibrillin microfibrils embedded in a larger mass of cross- linked elastin.
ELASTIC FIBERS
62
Highly hydrated, transparent, complex mixture of macromolecules, principally of three classes
GROUND SUBSTANCE
63
GROUND SUBSTANCE three classes:
glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) proteoglycans multiadhesive glycoproteins
64
Fills the space between cells and fibers in connective tissue and, because it is viscous: acts as both a lubricant and a barrier to the penetration of invaders
GROUND SUBSTANCE
65
GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS Also called
mucopolysaccharides
66
Long polysaccharides consisting of repeating disaccharide units, usually a uronic acid and a hexosamine
GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS
67
Largest and most ubiquitous GAG is
hyaluronic acid
68
Composed of a core protein to which are covalently attached various numbers and combinations of the sulfated GAGs Synthesized on RER, mature in the Golgi, where the GAG side chains are added Example: Aggrecan, Decorin, Syndecan
PROTEOGLYCANS
69
Large molecules with branched oligosaccharide chains and have important roles in the adhesion Multiple binding sites for cell surface receptors (integrins)
MULTIADHESIVE GLYCOPROTEINS
70
- provides adhesion for epithelial and other cells, with binding sites for integrins, type IV collagen, and specific proteoglycans
Laminin
71
As binding sites for collagens and certain GAGs, and forms insoluble fibrillar networks throughout connective tissue Provides specific binding sites for integrins and is important both for cell adhesion and cellular migration through the ECM
Fibronectin
72
- act as matrix receptors for specific sequences on laminin, fibronectin, some collagens, and certain other ECM proteins Cytoplasmic portions of integrins associate with the peripheral membrane proteins talin and vinculin, which together bind actin filaments
Integrin

Histo LEC (26 decks)

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