Esophagus - Stomach Flashcards
Muscular tube, about 25 cm long in adults, transports swallowed material from the pharynx to the stomach
Esophagus
Epithelium of esophagus
Stratified squamous non keratinized epithelium
At the gastroesophageal junction, the epithelium is _____
Simple columnar
At the gastroesophgeal junctions, these cells ate present
Langerhans - antigen presenting cells
Mass of lymphoid tissue
GALT
Gut Associated Lymphoid Tissue
Mucous glands located near the cardiac orifice
Esophageal cardiac glands
Esophageal cardiac glands secretes what?
Neutral MUCIN to protect the esophagus from the gastric acid juices
ESOPHAGUS: MUSCULARIS EXTERNA
● Upper 1/3 -
● Middle 1/3 -
● Lower third 1/3 -
skeletal muscles
mixture of skeletal and smooth muscle fibers
exclusively smooth muscle fibers
ESOPHAGUS: ADVENTITIA OR SEROSA
●_______ except for portion inside abdomen which is of_______
Adventitia
serosa
Initial digestion pf food through AMYLASE
Oral cavity
After chewing food
Bolus
Food digested inside the stomach
Chyme
Digests carbohydrates
Amylase
Digests triglycerides
Lipase
Digests protein
Pepsin
Pepsinogen - inactivated
Muscular layers of the stomach
Inner oblique
Middle circular
Outer longitudinal
Right most portion of the stomach
Greater curvature
Left most portion of the stomach
Lesser curvature
Gastric pits are also called
Gastric foveolae
● Invaginations of epithelium
● 2-4mm apart and anastomose with each other extensively
● Gastric glands open at bottom of ____
Gastric foveolae or pits
What cells are on top of the gastric pits
Surface mucous cells - secretes acid
STOMACH: SEROSA
● Stomach is enveloped by peritoneum
● Lined externally by______
mesothelium
STOMACH GLANDS types according to location
1) Fundic
2) Cardiac
3) Pyloric
3 layers of fundic/ gastric glands
Gastric pit
Neck/ Isthmus
Gastric gland
Cells of fundic glands ( in order)
Surface mucous cell
Mucous neck cell
Parietal cell
Chief cell
G cell
Surface mucous cell secretes
alkaline fluid (containing mucin)
Mucous neck cell secretes
acidic fluid containing mucin
Parietal cell secretes
intrinsic factor and hydrochloric acid
Chief cell secretes
pepsinogen and gastric lipase
G cell/ enteroendocrine cells that secrete
gastrin into the blood
In fundic/ gastric glands, Mucosa occupied mostly by____
glands
● Most numerous type of gland
● Simple or simple branched tubular glands
Fundic gland
STOMACH GLANDS: CARDIAC GLAND
●________ occupy same amount of space
Pits & glands
● Least numerous type of gland
● Similar to esophageal cardiac glands
● Mucus-secreting, simple tubular or simple branched tubular glands
CARDIAC GLAND
Cardiac Cells same as in fundic glands, but:
○________ cells are the most numerous
○________ cells - secrete mainly gastrin
○ Few _______ and ______
Mucus-secreting
Enteroendocrine
zymogenic and parietal cells
● Gastric pits very deep
● Simple tubular but more coiled than other glands of stomach
PYLORIC GLAND
Pyloric glands Cells same as in fundic glands, but:
○__________ cells are the most numerous
○ Few______ cells
○ Usually no________ cells
Mucus-secreting cells
parietal
zymogenic
