Nucleic Acids Flashcards
1
Q
nucleic acids
A
-large molecules contained in nucleus of the cell 2 types -DNA & RNA -carbon -hydrogen -oxygen -nitrogen -phosphorus
2
Q
nucleotides
A
nitrogen containing organic substances that are monomers of DNA&RNA
-phosphate group (linked to either C3 or C5 of sugar
-pentose sugar
-nitrogenous base (linked to carbon atom 1 of the sugar
(covalent bonds formed by condensation)
3
Q
ribose&deoxyribose
A
4
Q
Nitrogen bases
A
Purine always bonds to a Pyrimidine purine -adenine, guanine large 2 ring structure pyrimidine -thymine,cytosine,uracil smaller 1 ring structure
5
Q
Semi-conservative replication
A
- DNA helicase breaks hydrogen bonds
- separates into 2 strands
- each exposed polynucleotide strand acts as template
- free complimentary nucleotides bind by enzyme (DNA polymerase)
- each new DNA molecule has 1 new & 1 old strand
6
Q
Function of DNA
A
passing genetic info from cell to cell
- very stable structure
- 2 strands joined together with hydrogen bonds
- extremely large
- has base pairs in helical cylinder so genetic info is protected
7
Q
Complimentary base pairing
A
DNA contains - adenine,guanine,cytosine,thymine
RNA contains- adenine,guanine,cytosine,uracil
A-T A-U G-C
8
Q
ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
A
ATP+H2O--> ADP +Pi + E -made of- adenine, ribose &3 phosphates -stores energy -energy released in hydrolysis reaction -reaction catalysed by ATP hydrolase Water removed in the making of ATP (catalysed by ATP synthase)
