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Test stuff > NSTM Chapter 533, Potable Water Systems > Flashcards

NSTM Chapter 533, Potable Water Systems Flashcards

1
Q

Fresh water is not potable unless it is ___

A

Safe for human consumption

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2
Q

The only approved method for disinfecting potable water

A

A halogen, normally bromine or chlorine

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3
Q

Water that is suitable for human consumption

A

Potable water

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4
Q

Disease carrying microorganisms

A

Pathogens

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5
Q

The use of a halogen is preferred to other common disinfecting methods because ___

A

Residual halogen levels can be easily detected and maintained

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6
Q

The ___ is responsible for the delivery of potable water from shore station to ship

A

Shore station CO

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7
Q

The ship’s ___ are responsible for the receipt, distribution, and quality testing of potable water

A

Engineer and Medical officers

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8
Q

The ship’s ___ is responsible to the ship’s ___ for the supply and treatment of potable water and for the system components that receive, store, distribute, produce, and treat potable water

A

EO

CO

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9
Q

The ___ shall ensure that all ship-to-shore connections are made only by trained shore personnel, or in their absence ___

A

EO

Ship personnel who are properly supervised by authorized shore personnel

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10
Q

___ is responsible for the chloride and hydrogen ion (pH) testing of the ship’s P/W

A

EO

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11
Q

The ship’s ___ is responsible to the ship’s CO for the quality testing (except ___) and monitoring of P/W handling, treatment, and storage

A

Medical officer or medical department representative

Chloride and pH testing

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12
Q

The ___ shall evaluate the adequacy of treatment and disinfection of the shore P/W prior to its receipt, and shall ensure that the required halogen residual is present in the P/W and that no potable water hose is used to a nonpotable water system

A

Medical officer

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13
Q

The hoses and fittings shall be handled so that they will not be immersed in ___ at any time

A

Nonpotable water

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14
Q

P/W fill connections are __ for large ships and __ for smaller ships

A

2-1/2 inch

1-1/2 inch

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15
Q

Fill lines for potable water shall not be cross-connected with ___

A

Any nonpotable waterline or system

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16
Q

If not in use, filling connections shall be ___

A

Closed with screwcaps attached with keeper chains

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17
Q

Connections shall be at least ___ above the deck with the receiving connection turned ___

A

18”

Down to protect it from contamination

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18
Q

Filling connections shall be conspicuously designated by a warning plate bearing the inscription ___

A

POTABLE WATER ONLY in 1” letters

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19
Q

Hoses shall be labeled ___ at ___ intervals

A

POTABLE WATER ONLY

10”

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20
Q

Hoses shall be stored with the ends ___ in ___

A

Coupled or closed with screw-type caps

Padlocked, vermin-proof lockers or cabinets

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21
Q

Lockers shall be identified and labeled ___

A

Potable water hose

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22
Q

Lockers shall be located ___ and ___ off the deck

A

Out of the weather

18”

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23
Q

Printed instructions outlining step-by-step procedures for ___ shall be posted in a conspicuous location in the hose storage area

A

Disinfection of P/W hoses

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24
Q

Ships use either ___ or ___ to move P/W from storage tanks to distribution system

A

Constantly running pumps

Pressure set

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25
Q

If P/W tanks are low in the ship, in relation to pump elevation, the pump is equipped with a ___

A

Vacuum priming system

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26
Q

Special consideration shall be given to piping installed in the ____, particularly piping on the ___

A

Bilge area

Suction side of the P/W pumps

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27
Q

Piping in the bilge shall be ___

A

Hydrostatically tested

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28
Q

___ materials shall not be used for repairs

A

Lead-containing materials

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29
Q

Sealants and lubricants used for piping repairs shall be done using ____

A

Silicone compound products complying with SAE-AS8660 and National Sanitation Foundation Standard 61

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30
Q

If operating a pumping system using a constantly pump, make certain that the pump recirculation valve is ___

A

Open and directed toward the suction side of the pump

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31
Q

The piping, piping components, and plumbing fixtures shall be kept in sound, leakproof condition to ___

A

Conserve water and prevent contamination

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32
Q

All ship faucets shall be kept leak-free to ___

A

Conserve water and to maintain pressure

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33
Q

___ are not an acceptable means of separating potable water from the other systems

A

Valves and blind flanges

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34
Q

Potable water shall not be delivered to other systems, tanks, or facilities that could contain water of an inferior quality, unless an air gap or approved device that will prevent ___ is provided

A

Backflow and siphonage

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35
Q

Best method of ensuring that the potable water system does not become contaminated

A

Installation and maintenance of an air gap

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36
Q

An adequate air gap is defined as ___

A

A distance of two supply pipe diameters between the supply pipe and the maximum overflow in the receiver

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37
Q

All devices that are used in place of an air gap shall be approved by ___

A

The Foundation for Cross-Connection Control and Hydraulic Research or the American Society of Sanitary Engineers

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38
Q

All P./W hoses are to be disconnected when not in use to prevent ___

A

Any possible backflow

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39
Q

A warning label plate shall be installed in a conspicuous location at each potable water hose connection inscribed ___ in ___

A

Disconnect Hose When Not In Use

1” red letters

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40
Q

Approved hose connections are those equipped with ____

A

Cutout valve, vacuum-breaker backflow preventer, and a hose connection

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41
Q

All sink and space faucets with hose threads shall be equipped with ___

A

A hose connection vacuum breaker

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42
Q

Laboratory and ship sink faucets with smaller hose connections shall be equipped with ___ installed at least ___

A

Approved hose vacuum breakers or a vacuum breaker

6” above the overflow level of the sink

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43
Q

Permanent direct connections to dishwashing machines that are not equipped with an air gap, and to garbage disposal units, urinals, water closets, grease interceptor hoods, or X-ray and photographic equipment shall be made by way of ___ installed at least ___ above the overflow unit services

A

An approved atmospheric or continuous pressure vacuum breaker, or continuous pressure backflow preventor with internal relief at atmosphere
6”

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44
Q

Permanent direct connections to any nonpotable water tank or piping that can subject the potable water piping to any positive back pressure, no matter how small, can only be made with ___

A

Approved reduced pressure backflow preventors

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45
Q

All freshwater cooling systems are consideder ___

A

Contaminated

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46
Q

P/W systems downstream of the reduced pressure backflow preventers are considered ___

A

Contaminated

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47
Q

All outlets downstream of the reduced pressure backflow preventers must be labeled with a ___

A

Warning placard indicating that the water is contaminated

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48
Q

All P/W tank sounding tubes shall be provided with ___

A

Valves or caps and with padlocks

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49
Q

The sounding tube shall have a ___

A

Label plate

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50
Q

The temperature of hot water supplied for the personal use of the crew shall not exceed ___ to prevent hot water burns

A

54.4C (130F)

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51
Q

Heaters shall be set to deliver water at no less than ___ to galley grease interceptor hoods and pot sanitizing sinks

A

71.1C (160F)

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52
Q

Heaters shall be set to deliver water no less than ___ for service to galley dishwashers and laundry machines that are not provided with their own integral booster heaters

A

82.2C (180F)

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53
Q

If at any point in the system hot water is not delivered at a temperature of at least ___ and the heater is set properly, then a design deficiency may exist

A

48.9C (120F)

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54
Q

The product water from a distiller

A

Distillate

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55
Q

RO product water

A

Permeate

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56
Q

It helps to call the distillate or permeate ___ before it enters the brominator for treatment, and ___ after the brominator

A

Product water

Potable water

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57
Q

Distillate purity is less than ___

A

2.3 ppm chloride ions = 4.6 ppm TDS

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58
Q

TDS

A

Total Dissolved Solids

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59
Q

The upper limit for potable water is ___

A

500 ppm TDS

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60
Q

Unless determined otherwise, water in harbors, rivers, inlets, bays, landlocked waters, and the open sea within ___ of the entrance to these waterways shall be considered to be polluted

A

12 miles

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61
Q

The desalting of polluted harbor water or seawater for human consumption shall be avoided except ___

A

In emergencies

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62
Q

If fresh, brackish, or polluted water is being distilled, the temperature of the first-effect shell shall be maintained at not less than ___

A

73.9C (165F)

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63
Q

The transfer of evaporator distilled water to the ship;s P/W tank is prohibited if the chloride content exceeds

A

2.3 ppm

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64
Q

The transfer of product water from an RO unit to the ship’s P/W tanks is prohibited if the conductivity exceeds ___

A

1000 micromhos/cm (500 ppm TDS)

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65
Q

Regardless of the method of distilling plant operation, the resulting distillate water shall be disinfected by the addition of ___ before it is considered safe for human consumption

A

A halogen compound

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66
Q

Halogens used for P/W disinfection include ___

A

Chlorine and Bromine compounds

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67
Q

A measurable trace of ___ or ___ shall be maintained in all parts of the P/W system

A

FAC

TBR

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68
Q

FAC

A

Free Available Chlorine

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69
Q

TBR

A

Total Bromine Residual

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70
Q

Trace readings of FAC or TBR ensure ___

A

The P/W is free from microbial contamination

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71
Q

That excess of chlorine or bromine remaining in the water after 30 minutes of contact with the water

A

TBR or FAC

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72
Q

The halogen compound is added to produce an initial concentration of ___

A

1.0 ppm chlorine or 0.7 ppm bromine

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73
Q

A minimum of ___ FAC or TBR after a 30 minute contact with the water is required

A

0.2 ppm

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74
Q

Chlorine or bromine depleted in reacting with substances present in the water

A

Halogen demand

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75
Q

The amount of chlorine or bromine required to produce a 30-minute FAC or TBR residual of 0.2 ppm can very widely because of the ____

A

Halogen demand

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76
Q

If the residual is ___, and the pH is ___, no additional disinfection may be required

A
  1. 2 ppm or more

8. 5 or less

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77
Q

If the amounts of chlorine-demanding substances (such as ammonia) in the water are not known, a dose of no fewer than ___ chlorine or ___ bromine shall be used initially

A
  1. 0 ppm

0. 7 ppm

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78
Q

Additional halogen will be required in the pH is in excess of ___ within the ship’s P/W storage or distribution system

A

8.5

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79
Q

pH

A

Hydrogen ion concentration

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80
Q

High pH levels will adversely affect the ____ of chlorine and bromine

A

Disinfectant properties

81
Q

Whenever the pH is above 8.5 and chlorine is be be used as the disinfectant, the water shall be treated to provide at least a ___ FAC residual at the end of a 30-minute contact period

A

0.6 ppm

82
Q

Whenever the pH is above ___ and bromine is to be used as the disinfectant, the water shall be treated to provide at least a 0.6 ppm TBR residual and the end of a 30-minute contact period

A

9.5

83
Q

Minimum residual required for all P/W onboard or taken aboard
Chlorine _____
Bromine _____

A
  1. 2 ppm after 30 minutes in tanks

0. 2 ppm after 30 minutes in tanks

84
Q

Water in P/W distribution system
Chlorine ____
Bromine ____

A

Trace readings throughout

Trace readings throughout

85
Q

Water from an area where amebiasis or hepatitis is endemic or unapproved source is used
Chlorine ___
Bromine ___

A
  1. 0 ppm after 30 minutes in tanks

2. 0 ppm after 30 minutes in tanks

86
Q

Disinfecting tanks and systems
Chlorine ___
Bromine ___

A

100 ppm initially; 50 ppm after 4 hours

N/A

87
Q

Disinfecting hoses, couplings, and water connections prior to connection to P/W system
Chlorine ___
Bromine ___

A

100 ppm for 2 minutes

N/A

88
Q

Scrubbing interior or contaminated tanks when P/W is scarce
Chlorine ___
Bromine ___

A

100 ppm

N/A

89
Q

Emergency water supply for drinking and cooking
Chlorine ____
Bromine ____

A

5.0 ppm after 30 minutes

N/A

90
Q

All water supplied by public or private systems outside of the US should be considered of ___

A

Doubtful quality

91
Q

When shore water quality is in doubt, the Medical Officer, medical department representative, or other responsible officer shall ___

A

Investigate the water source, make as complete an examination as soon as possible, and advise the CO relative to safeguards

92
Q

Data on extracontinental sources may be available from

A

Local US military representatives and from the area Environmental and Preventive Medicine Unit

93
Q

Approved sources are those approved by ___

A

US Public Health Service
US Navy Medical Representatives
US Government Representatives

94
Q

If no P/W is available, nonpotable lake or river water may have to be obtained for drinking and cooking. The water to be treated in such an emergency should be ____

A

Clear and free of turbidity

95
Q

Having sediment stirred up

A

Turbidity

96
Q

Water not treated with a halogen can be made safe by ___

A

Bringing it to a rolling boil in a steam kettle, maintaining the rolling boil for 5 minutes, cooling it, and then bring it back to a rolling boil and maintaining the boil for another 5 minutes

97
Q

In addition to canned drinking water, P/W in ___ and in ___ can be used during an emergency

A

Battle dressing stations

Water heaters

98
Q

Calcium hypochlorite is classified as ___

A

A dangerous material

99
Q

Contact between calcium hypochlorite and ___ may result in spontaneous combustion

A

An oxidizable material, such as paint, oil, or cloth

100
Q

Chlorine is available for disinfecting P/W in the form of ___, a ___

A

Calcium hypochlorite

Granular solid

101
Q

Calcium hypochlorite presents a potential hazard because of its ___

A

Corrosive and chemically active nature

102
Q

Calcium hypochlorite is a strong oxidizer that can ___ when coming in contact with organic matter

A

React explosively

103
Q

Elemental bromine is impregnated on ___

A

Ion exchange resin beads

104
Q

Bromine cartridges are less hazardous than calcium hypochlorite since the elemental bromine is ____

A

Contained in the cartridge assembly and should not come in direct contact with the operator

105
Q

Storage lockers shall be provided in ___ in sufficient quantities to store a ___ supply of bromine cartridges

A

Clean, dry storerooms

6-month

106
Q

Ready service lockers may be installed in the ___ containing bromination equipment

A

Machinery spaces

107
Q

A ___ shall be installed on each bromine cartridge stowage locker

A

Warning plate

108
Q

A hose with a ___ should be installed in the vicinity of each brominator, supplied with ___

A

Quick-opening valve

Cold P/W

109
Q

The hose connection by the brominator shall consist of ___

A

3/4” IPS piping with a locked open globe valve, a pressure-reducing valve set at 25 psi, a ball valve, a vacuum breaker backflow preventer, a hose coupling, and a 4-foot length of hose

110
Q

A ___ shall be installed at each brominator

A

Warning plate

111
Q

Only approved primary disinfection method

A

Bromination method

112
Q

If the bromine method is unavailable, chlorine solutions may be introduced directly into the P/W tanks by the ___ method

A

Chlorine batch

113
Q

Bromine treatment of potable water is provided by two types of bromination systems

A

Proportioning brominator

Recirculating brominator

114
Q

Installed in the distillate discharge line, provides the initial treatment of distillate before it proceeds to the P/W tanks

A

Proportioning brominator

115
Q

Recirculates water to and from a P/W tank, provides supplemental treatment of P/W when the bromine residual degrades below the acceptable level

A

Recirculating brominator

116
Q

Brominators installed in the distillate discharge line brominators are called ___

A

Automatic proportioning brominators

117
Q

The automatic proportioning brominator comprises three major components

A

Bypass header assembly
Dual feed valve assembly
Feeder assembly

118
Q

Automatic proportioning brominators are capable of feeding bromine at ___

A

Two feed rates

119
Q

Dual feed rate automatic proportioning brominators are set to provide a fixed rate of either ___ at the low feed rate or ____ at the high feed rate

A
  1. 7 ppm TBR

2. 7 ppm TBR

120
Q

The ___ rate of feed is to be used if the ship is distilling water when operating in contaminated waters

A

High

121
Q

The bypass header assembly contains a ___

A

Flow switch, time totalizing meter, cartridge change indicator light, system operating indicating light, fixed orifice, test tap, and inlet and outlet flanges

122
Q

Provides a visual indication of the time remaining before the next scheduled cartridge change

A

Time totalizer

123
Q

Caused a pressure differential which causes a percentage of the water to be diverted through the dual feed valve assembly and the feeder assembly

A

Fixed orifice

124
Q

The dual feed have assembly is a ____

A

Two-position ball-type valve with a reduced size, cross drilled hole in the ball

125
Q

Basically a pressure vessel which houses the bromine cartridge

A

Feeder assembly

126
Q

___ are provided at the base of the feeder assembly, the top incorporates an ___

A

Inlet and outlet tubing connections

Air-bleeder valve

127
Q

The top of the feeder assembly is secured in place by ___

A

A V-band clamp

128
Q

Elemental bromine introduced into the ___

A

Bypass water stream

129
Q

The bromine release rate is proportional to ___

A

Water flow rate, temperature, and water quality

130
Q

The bromine cartridge is fabricated of ___

A

Non-brittle plastic

131
Q

Bromine cartridges have a full service capability of ___

A

24 months from the date the cartridge was filled

132
Q

When using older bromine cartridges, the ___ must be used to increase the halogen residual in the P/W tanks

A

Recirculating brominator

133
Q

MACHALT

A

Machinery Alteration

134
Q

Capable of feeding bromine at two feed rates

A

Automatic proportioning brominators

135
Q

The RO brominator is designed to provide the required levels of halogen residuals for inlet water connections that are ___

A

Unique to the product of the RO plant

136
Q

Water produced by RO plants is typically ___ in temperature and ___ in TDS connection that water produced by conventional evaporators

A

Lower

Higher

137
Q

___ reduced the rate at which bromine is fed from the bromine cartridge. ___ increases this rate of bromine feed

A

Low temperature

High TDS concentration

138
Q

Difference between the RO brominator and conventional distilling plant brominator

A

RO brominator has two canister assemblies installed for parallel flow, and a bypass flow valve to allow continuous adjustment

139
Q

Designed to treat water in P/W storage tanks

A

Recirculating brominator

140
Q

Flow through the cartridge in a recirculating brominator is limited by ___ to achieve the required bromine feed into the selected tank

A

The timing device

141
Q

After the timing device terminates the bromine feed, water recirculation continues for an additional calculated time period to ___

A

Disperse the bromine throughout the tank

142
Q

Set when manufactured to feed a specific quantity of bromine to the water

A

Recirculation brominators

143
Q

In a recirculating brominator, the initial 0.7 ppm bromine feed is obtained by ___

A

Setting the bromine timer to the feed time indicated on the instruction plate mounted on the brominator

144
Q

Feed time is based on ___

A

Water quality and temperature

145
Q

To increase the initial residual the ___ must be increased

A

Feed time

146
Q

Secure power to the time totalizers before performing maintenance on the brominators. The ___ will be shorted out if the time totalizer cover is removed while the totalizer is energized

A

Solid state relay

147
Q

Bromine cartridges should be removed from the canisters whenever the brominator is not to be used for ____

A

14 or more days

148
Q

Stainless steel canisters are manufactured with an inner coating to protect the canister from ___

A

The corrosive bromine environment

149
Q

The cartridge may be retained for future use as long as there is ____

A

A red color in the bromine resin

150
Q

The partially spent cartridge may be temporarily stored in ___

A

Its original shipping container

151
Q

The tubing connected to the brominator is ___

A

Nylon-reinforced Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)

152
Q

The tubing will discolor from ___ to ___ for the hose upstream of the canister and ___ for the hose downstream of the canister

A

Transparent
Amber
Dark brown

153
Q

The PVC hose on the brominator should be replaced after ___ or when ____

A

5 years of service

The brominator is overhauled

154
Q

Each bromine cartridge should be ___ before insertion into the canister assembly

A

Visually inspected

155
Q

Bromine cartridges should not be used if beaded resin is ___

A

Visible in, or spills out of, the nipple when pointed downward

156
Q

Bromine impregnated resin will release ___

A

Hazardous vapors

157
Q

If the cartridge is found to be defective ___

A

Place the cartridge in its original container, dispose of the repackaged cartridge IAW procedures for hazardous waste disposal

158
Q

Bromine resin could cause injury if it comes in contact with ___

A

Skin

159
Q

Using alternate disinfectants in the place of the bromine cartridge will result in ___

A

Incorrect calculations

160
Q

The bromine feed rate of either 0.7 ppm or 2.7 ppm is a ___

A

Nominal rate

161
Q

The best place to test for residuals is the ___

A

P/W tanks by way of the recirculating brominator

162
Q

A lower water temperature will result in __ bromine released

A

Less

163
Q

The rate of bromine feed will ___ with an increase in flow rate

A

Increase

164
Q

A ___ in bromine feed rates occurs with a reduction in TDS

A

Decrease

165
Q

___ bromine cartridges are required in a continental USA port receiving shore water or in a foreign port receiving approved ready-for-use P/W

A

0

166
Q

The number of bromine cartridges required daily while at sea or operating in uncontaminated waters equals the complement times ___

A

0.0005

167
Q

While at sea or in port, operating distilling plants in contaminated waters or in any port receiving water from shore that is contaminated or of doubtful quality, the number of bromine cartridges required daily equals complement times ___

A

0.002

168
Q

The chlorination disinfection method is considered the least desirable because ___

A

It usually results in overchlorination and it exposes the P/W to potential contamination

169
Q

After pouring chlorine solution into the P/W tank, at least ___ of P/W must be poured into the tank to flush the concentrated chlorinated water into the tank

A

1 gallon

170
Q

If the tank is full before adding chlorine, the water should be mixed using the ___

A

P/W pumps and recirculating piping

171
Q

A chlorinator may be installed in either the ___ or in the ___

A

Distilling plant distillate line

Shore fill line

172
Q

The distillate line is generally provided with a chlorinator driven by an ___

A

Electric motor

173
Q

The shore fill line is generally provided with a chlorinator that is ___

A

Hydraulically actuated or driven by an electric motor

174
Q

The chlorinator injects hypochlorite solution into the water system in proportion to ___

A

The volume of water flowing through a meter

175
Q

The distillate line and fill line may both be served by a fill line chlorinator unit if the distilling plant is ___

A

Large enough to permit sufficient flow through the unit

176
Q

The amount of chlorine required to be absorbed by these materials is called the ___

A

Chlorine demand

177
Q

A dosage rate of 1 oz of granular calcium hypochlorite (70%) per 5000 gallons of water yields ___ ppm chlorine. Because of chlorine demand, this dosage rate will probably produce an FAC residual of about ___ ppm after a 30-minute contact period

A
  1. 0

0. 2

178
Q

The biological safety of water is dependent upon the ___

A

Residual concentrations of FAC or TBR

179
Q

____ is to be maintained regardless of water source

A

FAC or TBR

180
Q

It is normal for halogen residuals to ___ after the initial treatment

A

Decline

181
Q

The halogen residual decline is ____

A

50% per 24 hour period

182
Q

Testing for FAC or TBR residuals shall be performed by the ship’s ___

A

Engineering and medical departments

183
Q

The medical department shall test for FAC or TBR residual as follows ___

A

Prior to receipt
Once daily
From points varied throughout the ship

184
Q

The engineering department shall test for FAC or TBR residual as follows ___

A

Whenever cartridges are changes
After a 30-minute contact period
Prior to putting P/W tank into service

185
Q

The occasional absence of trace readings in remote parts of the ship does not, in the absence of ___, indicate the need to increase the halogen dosage

A

Positive bacteriological findings

186
Q

Water samples shall be taken from a P/W tank with care to ensure that ____

A

A representative sample of water is taken
Water sample is not contaminated by personnel taking the sample
The contents of the tank are not contaminated

187
Q

It is preferred to sample from ____ rather than ___

A

Petcocks on the tank or P/W pump or the bromine recirculation system
Sounding tubes

188
Q

When the P/W pump or the bromine recirculation system test connection is used, ___

A

The pump should be run for several minutes to clear the piping of nonrepresentative water

189
Q

Chlorine or bromine residuals are determined by using either the _____ or ___ test methods. The ___ is preferred

A

Diethyl p-phenylenediamine (DPD)
Orthotolidine
DPD test method

190
Q

Use of chlorine standards for bromine residual determination will produce ___

A

Erroneous readings

191
Q

If the chlorine test kit is used to determine the bromine residual, the reading shall be multiplied by ____ to obtain the actual TBR in ppm

A

2.25

192
Q

Ships equipped with bromine systems will receive ___ shore water

A

Chlorinated

193
Q

If the water is tested for chlorine residuals using a bromine test kit, thee ___ shall be used to determine the chlorine residual

A

Chlorine comparator scale

194
Q

Two types of residual chlorine are measured by testing water ____

A

Free available

Combined

195
Q

The bactericidal action rate of chlorine is modified by ___

A

The combination of chlorine with other compounds

196
Q

The bactericidal action of FAC is approximately ___ more effective than that of combined chlorine

A

30 times

197
Q

I the test for chlorine, combined chlorine is distinguished from free chlorine by ___

A

The time at which the color develops after the addition of DPD to the water sample

198
Q

FAC reacts ___

A

Rapidly

Test stuff (30 decks)

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