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Test stuff > Manual of Preventive Medicine, Chapter 6, Water Supply Afloat > Flashcards

Manual of Preventive Medicine, Chapter 6, Water Supply Afloat Flashcards

1
Q

___ is responsible for the chloride and hydrogen ion testing of the ship’s P/W

A

Engineering officer

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2
Q

___ shall ensure minimum halogen residuals are maintained in a P/W tank before placing the tank on-line to the P/W distribution system

A

Engineering department

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3
Q

Responsible for collection of sample for coliform bacteria testing as prescribed and halogen residuals from the distribution system

A

Medical Department Representative (MDR)

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4
Q

Avoid making water while operating in ___

A

Harbors or from polluted seawater

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5
Q

Seawater shall be assumed polluted when ships are operated in ___

A

Close formation

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6
Q

While making P/W, care must be taken not to strip fuel waste tanks or empty bilges forward of the ___

A

Salt-water intakes

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7
Q

VOCs

A

Volatile Organic Chemicals

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8
Q

Have a lower boiling point than water and which could be present in contaminated source waters

A

VOCs

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9
Q

VOCs can ___

A

Vaporize and mix with the water vapor during the distillation process, carrying over into the condensate chamber and distillate reservoir

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10
Q

___ water tends to be mineral free and can be highly corrosive to metal piping and storage tanks

A

Distilled

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11
Q

Used aboard for drinking, laundry, medical, personal hygiene, and other purposes

A

P/W

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12
Q

Direct chemical additives to P/W systems afloat should be tested/certified by the product manufacturer IAW ___

A

National Sanitation Foundation International Standard known as NSF/ANSI Standard 60

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13
Q

Indirect chemical additives to P/W systems afloat should be tested/certified by the product manufacturer IAW ___

A

NSF/ANSI Standard 61

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14
Q

Use of seawater in food service spaces including sculleries is ___

A

Prohibited and seawater outlets in these spaces must be removed

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15
Q

Exception to seawater in sculleries

A

Specific garbage grinders, which use seawater flush and have been approved by BUMED for use in designated sculleries

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16
Q

Installation of salt water flush garbage grinders precludes storage of ___ in the scullery because of concerns for ___

A

Clean dishware or other items

Aerosol contamination

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17
Q

Used aboard ships such as in fire mains, decontamination, and for marine sanitation devices flushing

A

Seawater

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18
Q

If unusual conditions require drastic restrictions in the use of P/W, the allowances should not be less than ____ to be used for drinking and cooking purposes

A

2 gallons per day per man

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19
Q

For new ship constructions, ____ of P/W supply is specified by NAVSEA for design considerations, including uses in drinking water, galley, scullery, personal hygiene, and laundry

A

50 gallons per day per man

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20
Q

A ___ shall be completed prior to the initial transfer of water

A

FAC, chloramines, or TBR

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21
Q

If water taken onboard does not have the required halogen residual, the ship must ___, or ____

A

Boost halogen residual

Shore facility boost halogen residual in source water

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22
Q

When P/W from the transferring source contains the proper halogen residual ___

A

No further treatment is necessary

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23
Q

P/W connections between shore and ships must be made or supervised by ___

A

Authorized shore station personnel

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24
Q

In the event of no shore personnel are available to make or supervise the connection of P/W between ship and shore ____

A

Properly trained ship personnel will complete this responsibility

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25
Q

The individual making the P/W connection shall ensure hoses are not connected to a ____

A

Non-potable water system

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26
Q

Engineering will notify the ___ prior to making P/W hose connections

A

MDR

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27
Q

The ___ shall determine if the correct halogen residual is present in the source water and if it is not, they must notify the ___

A

MDR

Engineering Department Representative

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28
Q

P/W hoses shall not be submerged in ___

A

Harbor water

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29
Q

P/W may be taken from U.S. Military sources including establishments under the cognizance of the ___

A

British Royal Navy
Canadian Forces
Royal Australian Navy

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30
Q

OCONUS water source information may be obtained from ____

A

U.S. military representatives ashore

Navy Environmental Preventive Medicine Units

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31
Q

Bottled water must be obtained from ___

A

DoD approved sources

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32
Q

All water supplied by public or private systems not listed should be considered ___

A

Of doubtful quality

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33
Q

When doubt exists of the quality of the water ___

A

The MDR or responsible officer must investigate the source and examine the water as thoroughly as possible, and then advise the CO relative to necessary procedures, safeguards, and disinfection

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34
Q

P/W hoses shall not be used for ___

A

Any other purpose

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35
Q

P/W hoses must be ___

A

Properly labeled, stored, and protected from sources of contamination

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36
Q

Shipboard P/W risers shall be at least __ off the deck and turned ___, except when the risers are located ___

A

18”
Down
Within the ship

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37
Q

P/W riser must be properly labeled and fitted with ___

A

A cap and keeper chain

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38
Q

P/W riser valve or valve handles must be properly ___

A

Color coded

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39
Q

Riser hose connections shall be ___ prior to connection

A

Disinfected

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40
Q

P/W tank sounding tubes will be equipped with ___

A

Screw caps attached to keeper chains

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41
Q

P/W tank sounding tubes screw caps will be ___

A

Secured with a lock

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42
Q

On those ships equipped with sounding rods, the rod should ___

A

Remain in the tube at all times

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43
Q

P/W sounding tapes must be ___ prior to each use and shall ___

A

Sanitized

Only be used for P/W tank volume measurements

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44
Q

Disinfect connections using ___

A

A solution of 100-ppm FAC

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45
Q

Distillation plants have three general types, depending on ___

A

The source of the heat used to evaporate seawater

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46
Q

Three types of distillation plants

A

Steam distilling plants
Waste heat distilling plants
Vapor compression type distilling plants

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47
Q

Steam distilling plants are subdivided into two groups

A

Submerged type

Flash type

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48
Q

Steam distilling plant subdivisions differ mainly in ___

A

The heating elements and evaporator shell

49
Q

___ distilling plants are submerged in the tube type and use heat derived from the diesel engine jacket water

A

Waste heat

50
Q

___ distilling plants require primarily only electrical energy for operations

A

Vapor compression type

51
Q

RO consists of a pre-filtration section that typically includes ___

A

A course strainer
Centrifugal separator
Cartridge filters that remove suspended particles as small as 1 micron in some cases

52
Q

Typically ___ of the water in the RO permeates though the membrane to become fresh water

A

20 - 25%

53
Q

RO is not solely relied upon for accomplishing ___ in single pass RO

A

Pathogen removal

54
Q

In ___ RO plants additional disinfection requirement is waived

A

Triple pass

55
Q

Single pass RO purity ranges from ___

A

350 - 500 ppm TDS

56
Q

Distilled water purity ranges from ___

A

1 - 2 ppm TDS

57
Q

Triple pass RO purity can be less than ___

A

1.0 ppm TDS

58
Q

Low TDS distilled water and multiple pass RO water can be more ___ to plumbing and storage tanks than single pass RO water

A

Corrosive

59
Q

Water high in ___ after multiple passes through RO membranes can also be corrosive

A

Dissolved gasses

60
Q

Although P/W production/treatment is an engineering responsibility, the ___ must be cognizant of the process to adequately provide surveillance and recommendations

A

MDR

61
Q

The construction and location of P/W tanks should prevent ___

A

Contamination of the water

62
Q

The ___ is subjected to maximum external pressure from water that may be heavily polluted

A

Ship bottom

63
Q

P/W tanks should not be filled with ballast water unless ___

A

Absolutely necessary for the survival of the ship

64
Q

When non-potable liquid is introduced into P/W tanks ____

A

All tanks, lines, fittings, and pumps must be disconnected, plugged, capped, and not reconnected until adequately cleaned, flushed, disinfected, and tested

65
Q

The openings of P/W vents and overflow lines must be screened with ____

A

18-mesh or finer non-corrosive metal wire

66
Q

P/W vents and overflow lines must not terminate in ____

A

Food service, medical, toilet, or other spaces where contamination or odors may be transmitted to the water, nor in any space where electrical or electronic equipment is located

67
Q

In no instance will P/W tanks vent ___

A

Outside the ship

68
Q

The construction and location of manholes should minimize the possibility of ___

A

Contamination

69
Q

If a manhole is located on the side of the tank, ___ construction is acceptable

A

Flush-type

70
Q

If a manhole is located on the top of the tank, a ___ must be provided and the manhole cover must ___

A

Coaming or curb rising at least 1/2” above the top of the tank
Extend to the outer edge of the curb or flange

71
Q

The manhole cover must have ___

A

An intact gasket and a device for securing it in place

72
Q

Ships using sounding rods, when not in use should ___

A

Remain in the sounding tube at all times

73
Q

On those ships using steel tapes for sounding, the tapes must be ___

A

Sanitized prior to each use, stored in a sanitary manner, and used only for P/W measurements

74
Q

To sanitize P/W sounding tape ___

A

Soak the entire tape in a solution of 100-ppm FAC solution for 2 minutes or wiping the tape with clean gauze soaked in an approved disinfectant solution

75
Q

Where a common line is used to load and distribute P/W to non-potable tanks must be through an ____

A

Air gap or approved and appropriate backflow prevention device

76
Q

Filling lines that have common piping arrangement for directing P/W from an approved source to non-potable water systems by means off valves or interchangeable pipe fittings are ___

A

Not acceptable

77
Q

Filling connections must be ____, and secured with ____

A

Clearly labeled and color-coded

Screw caps attached with keeper chains

78
Q

Filling connection hose valves must be at least ___ above the deck and ____ to protect it from contamination

A

18”

Turned down

79
Q

Special attention must be given to P/W piping located in ___, particularly the piping on the ___ side of the P/W pump

A

The bilge area

Suction side

80
Q

The P/W piping in the bilge area should be ___

A

Hydrostatically tested

81
Q

P/W piping through non-potable tanks and piping non-potable liquid through P/W tanks must have ___

A

The pipe surrounded by sloped self-draining pipe tunnel

82
Q

Ensure adequate ___ is provided between the P/W outlet and a non-potable water system, fixture or machine

A

Air gap or approved backflow prevention device

83
Q

All P/W pumps should be ___

A

Air-tight and free from cross connections

84
Q

____ should never be used for priming P/W pumps or maintaining packing gland seals

A

Non-potable water

85
Q

P/W pumps that have be dismantled for repair must be ___ prior to being returned to service

A

Disinfected after reassembly

86
Q

The temperature setting for the hot water heaters serving habitability space showers and lavatories must be set not to exceed ____ at the water tap

A

120*F

87
Q

Point of use P/W treatment devices such as charcoal impregnated or other filter equipment use are generally ___

A

Not recommended

88
Q

Only ___ certified point of use devices shall be used

A

NSF

89
Q

Why are point of use devices not recommended?

A

Remove trace halogen residual, and charcoal filtration devices can promote bacterial growth

90
Q

In the event of a break or compromise in the P/W system, or a P/W tank is entered for any reason, all involved tanks, parts, and lines must be ___

A

Cleaned, flushed, and disinfected

91
Q

The ___ must be notified of the break or entry and the disinfection procedure accomplished by the engineering department

A

MDR

92
Q

For P/W piping repairs including flanged joints, only sealants and lubricants certified to ___ shall be used

A

NSF/ANSI Standard 61

93
Q

P/W sounding tubes will be ____, and the cap will be color coded ____

A

Labeled with an identification plate

Dark blue

94
Q

On ships using steel tapes for sounding P/W tanks, the tape handle must be ___

A

Color coded dark blue or identified “POTABLE WATER USE ONLY”

95
Q

Valves for receiving or supplying P/W must be conspicuously designated by a warning plate bearing the inscription ____ in _____

A

POTABLE WATER ONLY

1/4” high letters

96
Q

P/W hoses must be labeled ___ with ___ every ____ and the end couplings ____

A

POTABLE WATER ONLY
1” high letters
10 feet
Painted dark blue

97
Q

P/W piping passing through any given space must be ___

A

Appropriately labeled to indicate the type of service and with an arrow indicating the direction of flow

98
Q

P/W hose storage lockers must be identified and labeled ___

A

POTABLE WATER HOSE

99
Q

When not in use P/W hoses must be ___

A

Coupled or capped and stored in designated lockers

100
Q

P/W hose lockers must be ___

A

Vermin-proof, locked, and be elevated at least 18” off of the deck when located on weather decks and sponsons

101
Q

___ must be posted in a conspicuous location inside the hose storage locker

A

Printed instructions for disinfection of P/W hoses and risers

102
Q

___ is required to ensure the destruction of pathogenic organisms

A

Disinfection of water

103
Q

___ is the usual method of guarding against contamination or accidents that may occur during the production, handling, storage, and distribution of P/W

A

Maintenance of halogen residual

104
Q

The absence of FAC or TBR in the ship’s P/W may indicate ___

A

Contamination

105
Q

Where certain organic substances are present, very small concentrations of combined chlorine or bromine can produce ____

A

Undesirable tastes or odors

106
Q

Safety of water

A

Potability

107
Q

Taste of water

A

Palatability

108
Q

The EPA has established a maximum contaminant level for all disinfectants at ___

A

4 ppm

109
Q

The amount of chlorine or bromine used through reaction with substances present in the water

A

Halogen demand

110
Q

Shipboard water is disinfected by the addition of sufficient chlorine or bromine to produce not less than ___ FAC or TBR after 30 minute contact time measured at ___

A

0.2 ppm

The P/W tank

111
Q

___ methods of treatment are preferable to chlorine batch treatment procedures

A

Mechanical

112
Q

Chlorine is available for shipboard use as ___

A

Calcium hypochlorite (HTH 65-70% available chlorine), 6-oz bottle, a granular solid or sodium hypochlorite in varying strengths, as a liquid

113
Q

HTH is most frequently used because of its ___

A

Relatively long shelf life and reduced storage requirements

114
Q

HTH presents a potential personnel and fire hazard due to ___

A

Its corrosiveness and chemically active nature

115
Q

HTH is classified as ___

A

Hazardous

116
Q

Contact between HTH and oxidizable material may result in ___

A

Spontaneous combustion

117
Q

HTH should be obtained in ___

A

6-oz containers

118
Q

HTH should be stored in ___

A

A cool, dry, well-ventilated place with no danger of contact with oxidizable material

119
Q

Calcium or sodium hypochlorite will ___ gradually with age and more rapidly when ___

A

Lose strength

Opened or stored in hot spaces or sunlight

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