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Head And Neck > Nose > Flashcards

Nose Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of the nose?

A

Sense of smell, Route for inspired air, filters inspired air, moistens and warms inspired air, resonating chamber for speech

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2
Q

What is the external nose made up of?

A

Cartilage and bone

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3
Q

How does inspired air get into nose?

A

Through the vestibule

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4
Q

What is the nasal cavity lined with?

A

Mucous membrane

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5
Q

What is olfactory mucous membrane for?

A

Smell by olfactory nerve

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6
Q

What is respiratory mucous membrane for?

A

Filters, humidifies and warms

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7
Q

What is respiratory mucous membrane made from?

A

pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium

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8
Q

What is the roof of the nasal cavity?

A

Ethmoid
Sphenoid
Frontal bone

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9
Q

What is the floor of the nasal cavity?

A

Hard palate

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10
Q

What is the medial border of the nasal cavity?

A

Nasal septum

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11
Q

What is the lateral border of the nasal cavity?

A

Conchae

superior, middle and inferior

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12
Q

Where does the nasal cavity drain from?

A 
Paranasal sinus 
Nasolacrima duct (drains eyes)
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13
Q

What will happen to air flow as it moves into nasal cavity?

A

Greater cross sectional area in nasal cavity than the vestibule so slows air flow down

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14
Q

How do paranasal air sinuses drain into nasal cavity?

A

Ostia into a meatus and into nasal cavity

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15
Q

Where does sinusitis occur?

A

Paranasal sinus

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16
Q

What are paranasal sinuses lined with and why does this matter?

A

Lined with respiratory mucosa, so help to humidify and warm inspired air

17
Q

What is a septal haematoma?

A

Cartilaginous part of septum takes blood supply from overlying perichondrium and the septum is buckled

18
Q

Wha causes septal haematoma?

A

Trauma

Blood accumulates between perichondrium and cartilage

19
Q

What are the symptoms of a septal haematoma?

A

Blockage in breathing, nasal congestion, painful swelling in nasal septum, change in nose shape
If untreated causes saddle-nose deformity- Avascular necrosis of cartilaginous septum
May develop infection in the collecting haematoma so septal abscess formation

20
Q

What are the symptoms of a septal haematoma?

A

Blockage in breathing, nasal congestion, painful swelling in nasal septum, change in nose shape
If untreated causes saddle-nose deformity- Avascular necrosis of cartilaginous septum
May develop infection in the collecting haematoma so septal abscess formation increases avascular necrosis of septum possibility

21
Q

Which cranial nerve carries general sensation from nasal cavity

A

Trigeminal

22
Q

What are nasal polyps?

A

Fleshy, benign swellings of nasal mucosa

23
Q

What are the symptoms of nasal polyps?

A

Pale or yellow appearance and fleshy and reddened

Blocked nose, watery discharge, stop smell

24
Q

If blood tinged secretion what may this suggest with polps?

A

Tumour/cancer

25
Q

What is rhinitis?

A

Inflammation of the nasal mucosal lining

26
Q

What are the causes of rhinitis?

A

Simple acute infective rhinitis

Allergic rhinitis

27
Q

What are the symptoms of rhinitis?

A

Nasal congestion, Rhinorrhea (runny nose), sneezing, nasal irritation and postnasal drip

28
Q

What is epistaxis?

A

A nose bleed

29
Q

What causes epistaxis?

A

Infection, trauma, Rhinitis, hypertension, etc

30
Q

What is the blood supply to the nose?

A

Ophthalmic and maxillary artery

31
Q

What is the blood supply like to nose?

A

Very rich blood supply

Anastomoses in anterior septum so common for bleeding of nose

32
Q

What is venous drainage of the nose?

A

Through pterygoid plexus, cavernous sinus and facial vein

33
Q

What is sinusitis?

A

Inflammation of the nasal sinuses

34
Q

What are the symptoms of sinusitis?

A

Postnasal drip, nasal stuffiness and congestion, Frontal headache, Coughing, Tenderness of face, pyrexia,

35
Q

What causes sinusitis?

A

Primary infection leads to ciliary function, oedema of nasal mucosa and sinus ostia and increased nasal secretions, Drainage from sinus is impeded, stagnant secretions within the sinus becomes ideal breading ground for bacteria and secondary infection

Head And Neck (18 decks)

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