Nonpolar hormones: Thyroid

Question 1

What is the role of the thyroid hormone?

Answer 1

Increases metabolism and protein synthesis and is necessary for growth and development

Question 2

 Higher metabolism results in the

Answer 2

Rate of glucose, fat and protein
catabolism

Question 3

Thyroid Hormone Disorders can be present as a hypofunctional or
hyper functional state. What are the causes of hypothyroid conditions

Answer 3

Hypothyroid conditions may be caused by a deficiency of iodine in the diet or a reduced secretion of thyroid hormone

Question 4

What are the 2 examples of hyothyroid conditions

Answer 4

 Cretinism seen with infants
 Myxedema seen in adults

Question 5

What is cretinism?

Answer 5

a condition of severely stunted physical and mental
growth due to untreated congenital deficiency of thyroid hormones

Question 6

Thyroid hormones do what

Answer 6

modulate energy metabolism and
importantly influence growth and development.

Question 7

Myxedema is a condition n of severe hypothyroidism seen in adults. What do changes include

Answer 7

 Thickening of the skin
 Puffy eyes
 Lethargy
 Mental slowness
Hypoglycemia
Hypotension
Bradycardia
Hyporthermia

Question 8

Myxedema is a term used to describe the_____seen the
accumulation of a hydrophilic mucopolysaccharide in the connective
tissue.
Most commonly seen in the face.

Answer 8

Non-pitting edema

Question 9

What is the most common cause of mxyedema and what are the treatments?

Answer 9

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, thyroidectomy, medications such as lithium carbonate

Treatment-levothyroxine, (Levo-T, Synthroid, others).

Question 10

What is a disease caused by hyperthyroidism?

Answer 10

Grave’s disease.

Question 11

What is Grave’s disease

Answer 11

a autoimmune disease where the antibodies mimic TSH,
stimulating TH release

Question 12

Symoptoms of Grave’s disease

Answer 12

 Elevated metabolic rate
 Sweating
 Rapid heart rate
 Weight loss
 Exophthalmos (protrusion of the eyeballs) due to retraction of the
eyelids and decreased blinking

Question 13

Janice noticed a lump in her neck which had been getting larger over
time. She also noticed her energy levels going down and weight gain.
What is her presumptive diagnosis? What is causing the mass in her
neck? Iodine levels are very low how could this be the cause?

Answer 13

Hypothyroidism. The mass is do to hypertrophy of the thyroid gland.
Iodine is necessary for the synthesis of thyroid hormone

Question 14

What are two autoimmune diseases that impact the Thyroid gland?

Answer 14

 Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis
 Grave’s Disease

Question 15

 What are the two hypothalamic hormones that control the release of
growth hormone from the anterior pituitary?

Answer 15

Somatocrinin +
 Somatostatin -