Non verbal behaviour Flashcards
what did Paul Ekman research
-emotions and non verbal behaviour
-focus on facial expressions and deception
who is Miles Patterson
-developed several models of nonverbal interaction
features of non verbal behaviours
Automatic and largely unconscious
Difficult to control or inhibit
Seem to be innate and not explicitly learned
what are kinesics
movement and motion based behaviour
what are proxemics
communicating through personal space
what are haptics
dealing with touch
communicating affection and aggression
what are oculesics
using ones eyes to send a message
what are olfactics
focusing on sense of smell
what are chronemics
dealing with issues of time
define non verbal behaviour
Any perceptible social behavior that is extra linguistic and not primarily intended to manipulate the physical world
what are Paul Ekman’s categories of non verbal behaviour
Emblems
Illustrators
Manipulators
Emotional expressions
what are emblems
Gestures with precise meaning
Culturally dependent
Represent spoken words
what are illustrators
talking with your hands
illustrate what we are saying to provide emphasis or flow
when do illustrators tend to decrease
when someone is lying or nervous
what are manipulators
one body part interacting with another e.g. tapping, massaging
features of facial expressions of emotions
Are universal and distinct
Are correlated with self-reports of emotional experiences
serve important functions in social situations
what is a display rule
dictate when it is appropriate to show facial expressions
define blended emotions and examples
facial expression reflects more than one emotion
fear and surprise
disgust and contempt
define a microexpression
Brief flash of emotion that occurs before we can override that emotional display into something more appropriate
what is the main purpose of facial expressions
quickly facilitate communication
what is the purpose of facial expressions from an evolutionary perspective
disgust
- active attempt to spit out bad food e.g. tongue out
what is open body orientation and what does it indicate
trunk faces directly at the body of an interaction partner - indicates an openness to engage
what is closed body orientation
trunk turned away from interaction partner
what is an intimate zone
closest of an interpersonal distance
interactions become overwhelming if an untrustworthy person enters the zone
what is the personal zone
requires some degree of trust
often for close friends or family
what is the social zone
interaction in professional contexts
what occurs a result of violating proximity
physiological arousal - delayed anxiety
what are approach avoidance tasks
Pleasant stimuli produce approach tendencies, negative stimuli produce avoidance
Approach associated with pulling objects closer, while avoidance associated with pushing away
what is the function of touch
-used to process info from environment
-bonding and escalation of relationships
what is lack of engagement in touch an indication of
emotional detachment
gender differences in touch
women tend to avoid touch of the opposite sex more than a man
what is the male gaze
The objectification of women’s bodies through prolonged staring
what may gaze avoidance indicate
anxiety or distrust
what is the function of pupil dilation
pupils widen when something looks sexually appealing or attractive
