Non-Targeted Chemotherapies Flashcards

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1
Q

What types of molecules were the first non-targeting chemotherapies?

A

DNA synthesis analogues

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2
Q

Who first used chemotherapy in an adjuvant setting?

A

Emil Frei

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3
Q

Which types of chemotherapy affect DNA alkylation and DNA cross-linking (thereby screwing up DNA)?

A

Alkylating agents

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4
Q

Which chemotherapy affects DNA adducts and cross-links?

A

Cisplatin

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5
Q

Which type of chemotherapies disrupt microtubules with mitotic arrest?

A

Vinca Alkaloids

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6
Q

How does Cisplain work?

A

Like alkylating agents, it causes cross-links in DNA; unlike alkylating agents, it uses ions instead of methyl groups.

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7
Q

What was the first chemotherapy that was discovered by use of mustard gas in warfare? How does it work?

A

Cyclophosphomide; Nitrogen uses ions to cross-react with DNA.

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8
Q

True or false: Cyclophosphomide is a neurotoxin and is no longer used.

A

False; it is not a neurotoxin and is still used to this day.

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9
Q

What are two antifolates that we still use?

A

1) Fluorouracil

2) Methotrexate

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10
Q

How do methotrexate and fluoouracil work?

A

Screw up the synthesis of nucleotides.

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11
Q

Who came up with the MOPP regimen?

A

NCI Gang of Five

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12
Q

What disease was the MOPP regimen successful in treating?

A

Hodgkin’s lymphoma

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13
Q

Who were the first to use multiple chemotherapies?

A

NCI Gang of Five

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14
Q

Who discovered cisplatin?

A

Barnett Rosenberg

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15
Q

Why do we no longer just use MOPP?

A

Because of cisplatin discovery

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16
Q

Which type of drugs makes microtubules too short, preventing microtubule assembly and, therefore, chromosome separation?

A

Vinca alkaloids

17
Q

Which type of drub makes microtubules too long, preventing microtubule disassembly?

A

Taxanes

18
Q

Which types of drugs relax DNA by creating small nicks in DNA?

A

Topoisomerase Inhibitors (I and II)

19
Q

What class of drugs are Irinotecan and topotecan?

A

Topoisomerase I inhibitors

20
Q

What class of drugs are Etoposide and Doxorubicin?

A

Topoisomerase II inhibitors