Breast Cancer: Types of Breast Cancer Flashcards
In what stage are most women diagnosed with breast cancer?
Stage 0,I
If a tumor is less than 2 cm and cancer has not spread beyond the breast, what stage is it?
Stage I
If a tumor cell is greater than 5 cm or greater than 2 cm and has spread to local lymph nodes, what stage is it?
Stage II
If a tumor cell has spread to multiple lymph nodes, what stage is it?
Stage III
If a tumor cell has metastasized, what stage is it?
Stage IV
Greater breast density ________ one’s risk of breast cancer.
Increases
What are the 3 types of breast cancer?
1) ER+ (estrogen receptor positive)
2) HER2+
3) Basal/TNBC (Triple Negative BC)
Which type of breast cancer is the most aggressive and has the highest mortality rate?
Basal/TNBC (Triple Negative BC)
Which type of breast cancer is the least aggressive?
ER+
Which major tumor suppressor has been deactivated in TNBC?
p53
In which type of breast cancer are BRCA 1/2 tumor suppressor mutations most often found?
TNBC
With what neo-adjuvant and adjuvant therapies is ER+ breast cancer treated?
Estrogen Deprivation Therapy: Oophorectomy and/or Aromatase inhitibors (best, because it keeps ovaries and limits estrogen production)
What is the most common mutation that allows ER+ breast cancer tumors to get around the requirement for estrogen?
PI3K mutations
What is o-estrogen?
Estrogen from the ovaries
In which populations is Basal/TNBC breast cancer most common?
Young women and African American women
