Childhood Cancer: Lymphoma

Question 1

What are the two kinds of lymphomas?

Answer 1

1) Hodgkins

2) Non-hodgkins

Question 2

What is the defining feature of Hodgkins lymphoma?

Answer 2

Presence of Reed-Sternberg Cells (look like owl-eyes: a single cell with 2 nuclei)

Question 3

What do Reed-Sternberg cells look like?

Answer 3

One cell with 2 nuclei (looks like owl-eyes)

Question 4

Where do lymphomas start?

Answer 4

In the lymph nodes (both Hodgkins and non-Hodgkins)

Question 5

What are the symptoms of Hodgkins and non-Hodgkins lymphoma?

Answer 5

1) Swollen lymph nodes (but not sore)
2) Extreme fatigue
3) Loss of appetite/weightloss
4) Night sweats/fever

Question 6

What is the survival rate for Hodgkin Lymphoma?

Answer 6

95% if early; 90% if spread

Question 7

What is the survival rate for Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma?

Answer 7

90% if early; 80% if spread

Question 8

What is the treatment for lymphoma (Hodgkin or Non-Hodgkin)?

Answer 8

1) Chemotherapy

2) Radiation (if not spread)

Question 9

What are the 2 types of Hodgkin lymphoma and which populations do they affect?

Answer 9

1) Kids (caused by Epstein-Barr Virus and affects kids in equatorial Africa)
2) Adults (U.S.)

Question 10

True or false: Few kids get lymphomas.

Answer 10

True

Question 11

What is the average age for the development of lymphomas?

Answer 11

60 y/o

Question 12

What is a key gene translocation in Burkitt’s lymphoma?

Answer 12

IgM and Myc

Question 13

Who came up with combination therapies to treat lymphomas in the 1960s and 70s that resulted in better outcomes?

Answer 13

The NCI’s “Gang of Five”

Question 14

What are combination therapies?

Answer 14

Give multiple chemos at the same time