Non-Specific Defences Against Pathogens

Question 1

What is a non-specific defence?

Answer 1

a prevention / fast immune response to any pathogen - not antigen specific

Question 2

What is the non-specific defense for skin?

Answer 2

epidermis of skin is a physical barrier

this prevents entry of pathogenic microorganisms

Question 3

What is the non-specific defense for blood clotting?

Answer 3

blocks open wounds quickly

prevents pathogens entering blood stream

Question 4

What is the non-specific defense for wound repair?

Answer 4

re-forms the protective barrier of the skin

Question 5

What is the non-specific defense of expulsive reflexes?

Answer 5

removes pathogens e.g. vomiting / sneezing from nose, lungs, stomach

Question 6

What is the non-specific defense of mucous membranes?

Answer 6

mucous is made by goblet cells

mucous traps pathogens

ciliated epithelium to remove the pathogen / mucuous combo

Question 7

What is the non-specific defense for inflammation?

Answer 7

when cells are damaged - they release histamines which cause inflammation

vasodilation increases blood flow and reduces swelling. it also makes capillary walls more permeable / leaky so more white blood cells arrive