Communicable Diseases

Question 1

What is communicable diseases?

Answer 1

a disease that can be transferred between organisms e.g. HIV

Question 2

What is a pathogen?

Answer 2

an organism that causes disease e.g. bacteria, viruses, fungi, protocticia

Question 3

What is direct transmission?

Answer 3

when a disease is passed directly between organisms e.g. sexual intercourse, sharing needles, droplet infection, coughing sneezing

Question 4

What is indirect transmission?

Answer 4

when a disease is passed on via an intermediate

e.g. human -> food / drink -> human OR human -> mosquito -> human

Question 5

What is a vector?

Answer 5

an organism that transfers a pathogen between organisms

e.g. mosquito transfers malaria protocisita between humans

Question 6

What are examples of communicable diseases in bacteria?

Answer 6

tuberculosis (TB) - 
animals: direct = droplet
humans: indirect = air
badgers
cows

bacterial menigitis - humans: direct = droplet
ring rot -> potatoes direct = contact
tomatoes indirect = machinery

Question 7

What are examples of communicable diseases in viruses?

Answer 7

HIV (Aids) -> Humans: direct = sex

Influenza (flu) -> Animals direct = droplet

Tobacco Mosaic Virus -> Tobacco Plant direct = contact

Question 8

What are examples of communicable diseases in protoctista?

Answer 8

malaria - animals -> indirect = mosquito vector

potato / tomato late blight -> plants -> indirect = spores in air / wind

Question 9

What are examples of communicable diseases in fungi?

Answer 9

black sigatoka -> bananas -> direct = contact
indirect = plant -> spore - > plant

ring worm -> cattle (cows)
direct = contact indirect = cow -> soil -> cow

athletes foot -> humans
direct = contact
indirect = foot -> shower -> foot