Non-Mendelian Genetics Flashcards
Genetics unit test
incomplete dominance
when two different alleles combine in the zygote, the heterozygous individual shows an intermediate phenotype (blending)
co-dominance
where both alleles are expressed at the same time. ex. black and white= black and white= black and white spotted
C> c^ch > c^h > c
C> c^ch > c^h > c
universal donor
type O blood- no antigens to clump with antibodies
universal reciever
type AB blood- no antibodies to clump with antigens
antigen
trigger an immune response against viruses
antibodies
another protein in the blood plasma that will react with unknown antigens on red blood cells
clumping
caused by the reaction of antibodies and antigens from different blood types
type a
I A, I A OR I A, I O
type b
I B, I B OR I B, I O
type ab
I A, I B
type O
I O, I O
sex-linked traits
traits controlled by genes on X or Y chromosomes
X chromosome
controls colour vision, blood clotting, tooth colour and skin dryness
heterozygous female XX
called a carrier because she carries the trait in her genotype but does not express it in her phenotype
heterozygous male XY
males cannot be carriers because they have only 1 X chromosome, so they express whichever trait they have
what are polygenic traits?
a trait that is controlled by more than one gene (allele). a group of genes that all contribute to the same trait is a polygene. each dominant allele contributes to the trait but recessive allele does not. for skin colour, the more dominant alleles a person has, the darker their skin
