Non Enteric Gram +ve Part II

Question 1

All species w/ bipolar staining character

Answer 1

• avibacterium
• bibersteinia
• mannheimia
• pasteurella

Question 2

What are X & V factors?

Answer 2

Growth factors

Question 3

Members of the pasteurellaceae that require either or both growth factors

Answer 3

• both X & Y: H. influenzae
• only V: H. parainfluenzae

Question 4

Agent that causes infectious coryza

Answer 4

• avibacterium paragallinarum

Question 5

Clinical signs of infectious coryza (5)

Answer 5

• infraorbital swelling
• swollen wattle
• eye/nose discharge
• diarrhea
• inappetence

Question 6

Names of major diseases caused by pasteurella multocida

Answer 6

-chicken and turkey: fowl cholera

• cattle and bison: hemorrhagic septicemia, pneumonia
• swine: progressive atropic rhinitis
• rabbit: pneumonia (snuffles)
• small animals: oral flora abscesses, bite wound infection
• human: bite wound infect.

Question 7

P. multocida caused disease that is most popular in US

Answer 7

Hemorrhagic septicemia

Question 8

Endotoxin vs. Exotoxin
(Rewatch lecture)

Answer 8

• endotoxins are LPS that cause gram -ve sepsis. Broken down then released
• exotoxins are peptides mostly secreted by gram +ve bacteria and act locally and distant from origin. Kill in 2 hrs.

Question 9

Predisposing factors for mannhemia haemolytica

Answer 9

Increased stress

Question 10

Reason why ruminants are susceptible to M. hemolytica infections

Answer 10

When animal is stressed, serotype A1 proliferates, causing leukotoxin to be released. Leukotoxin induces lysis of ruminant neutrophils and platelets.

Question 11

Preventon of M. hemolytica

Answer 11

• avoid stress/precondition calves prior to shipping
• leukotoxoid vaccine
• isolate sick animals

Question 12

Biochemical feature that differentiates m. Haemolytica from p. Multocida

Answer 12

M. haemolytica can’t ferment d-mannose

Question 13

What species produces a zone of haemolysis on blood agar

Answer 13

M. Haemolytica