Enteric Gram -ve Bacteria Part II

Question 1

Natural habitat of samonella

Answer 1

GIT of warm and cold blooded animals

Question 2

List host adapted species of Salmonella serovars

Answer 2

Abortus equi

Abortus ovis

Cholerasuis

Question 3

Non host adapted salmonella serovars

Answer 3

Newport

Anatum

Typhimurium

Question 4

Factors responsible for development of infection by salmonella serovars

Answer 4

Species, serovar type, host’s immune status, and Infectious dose

Question 5

Pathogenesis of salmonellosis

Answer 5

• ingestion
• adhesion -> intestinal epith.
• salmonella invades M cells of peyer’s patches in small intest. And epithelium
• engulfment

Orrrrr

• dendritic cells uptake salmonella from submucosa
• scv replicates in cytoplasm
• scvs transcytose salmonella -> submucosa
• phagocytes in scv internalize bact.
• septicemia

Question 6

Most common intestinal lesions of salmonella in cows and pigs?

Answer 6

Fibrinosuppressive, necrotizing, and hemorrhagic inflammation of distal SI and Lg bowel

Question 7

Serovars most commonly isolated from cattle

Answer 7

S. Dublin, S. Typhimurium, and S. Newport

Question 8

Age range of cattle dev. Neonatal diarrhea due to salmonellosis compared to colibacillosis?

Answer 8

• salmonellosis: 5-14 days
• colibacillosis: 1-5 days

Question 9

Serovars primarily isolated from pig salmonellosis

Answer 9

S. Typhimurium and S. Cholerasuis

Question 10

Predisposing salmonellosis factors in horses

Answer 10

• colic, GI surgery, and antimicrobial agents

Question 11

Common salmonellosis isolates in horses

Answer 11

S. Typhimurium and S. Anatum

Question 12

Host adapted salmonellosis isolate in horses

Answer 12

Abortus equi

Question 13

2 non-motile salmonellosis serovars that don’t have peritrichious flagella

Answer 13

S. Gallinarum and S. Pullorum

Question 14

Name of disease caused by motile serovars of salmonella in 1st 2wks of a chicken’s life

Answer 14

Paratyphoid

(Presents as septicemia)

Question 15

Age group of chickens affected by pullorum disease

Answer 15

First 2-3wks of life

Question 16

Means of eradication of pullorum disease

Answer 16

Culling?

Question 17

Is pullorum disease vertical or horizontal transmission?

Answer 17

Vertical

Question 18

Causative salmonella of pullorum disease is

Answer 18

S. Pullorum

Question 19

Disease caused by S. Gallinarum

Answer 19

Fowl typhoid

Question 20

Age group fowl typhoid disease affects

Answer 20

Adults

Question 21

How do competitve flora reduce salmonella infections

Answer 21

• compete for nutrients
• mask receptors
• produce toxic compounds

Question 22

Colony morphology of salmonella on macconkey and XLD agar

Answer 22

• macconkey: straw/yellow color b/c non fermenter
• XLD: colonies prod. H2S (so black)?

Question 23

How do you control salmonellosis in a herd?

Answer 23

• enteric type: nursing care
• septicemic type: nursing care + antibiotics

Question 24

How do you treat salmonellosis

Answer 24

Admin. a serum w/ antibodies to core LPS (endotox.)

Question 25

4 names of important yersinia species and their respective diseases

Answer 25

- y. Pestis (bubonic plague & septcemia plague) - y. Pseudotuberculosis (pseudotuberculosis) - y. Entericolita (food borne illness) - y. Ruckeri (red mouth disease)

Question 26

Animal that is highly susceptible to the plague is

Answer 26

Cats

Question 27

Clinical signs of a cat infected w/ y. Pestis

Answer 27

Nodular necrosis, hemorrhage, edema, fibrin, and acute necrotizing inflamm.

Question 28

What plays an important role in the epidemiology of the plague and how are humans infected?

Answer 28

- rats have an important role - humans get the plague from fleas, aerosols, or cats

Question 29

Which animal is the most important reservoir for y. Entericolitica

Answer 29

Pigs

Question 30

Major steps in control of the plague

Answer 30

- rapid antibiotic therapy - hospitalize pneumonic animals - flea and rodent control in endemic areas - F1 and V subunit vx

Question 31

Major steps in controlling y. Entericolitica

Answer 31

- cleaning and cooking pork intestine

Question 32

What feature makes klebsiella unique compared to other enterobacteriaceae species

Answer 32

- prod. Mucoid colonies indicative of capsule production

Question 33

What attributes to hte mucoid colony morphology of klebsiella?

Answer 33

Lactose prod?

Question 34

Major reservoir of klebsiella in dairy cattle

Answer 34

Udders and teats

Question 35

How to prevent or control klebsiella infect.

Answer 35

- don’t use sawdust or wood shavings as bedding - increase handwashing and sterilization

Question 36

Is klebsiella an important noscomical bacteria?

Answer 36

Yes

Question 37

What antibiotic is klebsiella resistant to

Answer 37

Beta lactamase