Enteric Gram -ve Bacteria Part II Flashcards
Natural habitat of samonella
GIT of warm and cold blooded animals
List host adapted species of Salmonella serovars
Abortus equi
Abortus ovis
Cholerasuis
Non host adapted salmonella serovars
Newport
Anatum
Typhimurium
Factors responsible for development of infection by salmonella serovars
Species, serovar type, host’s immune status, and Infectious dose
Pathogenesis of salmonellosis
- ingestion
- adhesion -> intestinal epith.
- salmonella invades M cells of peyer’s patches in small intest. And epithelium
- engulfment
Orrrrr
- dendritic cells uptake salmonella from submucosa
- scv replicates in cytoplasm
- scvs transcytose salmonella -> submucosa
- phagocytes in scv internalize bact.
- septicemia
Most common intestinal lesions of salmonella in cows and pigs?
Fibrinosuppressive, necrotizing, and hemorrhagic inflammation of distal SI and Lg bowel
Serovars most commonly isolated from cattle
S. Dublin, S. Typhimurium, and S. Newport
Age range of cattle dev. Neonatal diarrhea due to salmonellosis compared to colibacillosis?
- salmonellosis: 5-14 days
- colibacillosis: 1-5 days
Serovars primarily isolated from pig salmonellosis
S. Typhimurium and S. Cholerasuis
Predisposing salmonellosis factors in horses
- colic, GI surgery, and antimicrobial agents
Common salmonellosis isolates in horses
S. Typhimurium and S. Anatum
Host adapted salmonellosis isolate in horses
Abortus equi
2 non-motile salmonellosis serovars that don’t have peritrichious flagella
S. Gallinarum and S. Pullorum
Name of disease caused by motile serovars of salmonella in 1st 2wks of a chicken’s life
Paratyphoid
(Presents as septicemia)
Age group of chickens affected by pullorum disease
First 2-3wks of life
Means of eradication of pullorum disease
Culling?
Is pullorum disease vertical or horizontal transmission?
Vertical
Causative salmonella of pullorum disease is
S. Pullorum
Disease caused by S. Gallinarum
Fowl typhoid
Age group fowl typhoid disease affects
Adults
How do competitve flora reduce salmonella infections
- compete for nutrients
- mask receptors
- produce toxic compounds
Colony morphology of salmonella on macconkey and XLD agar
- macconkey: straw/yellow color b/c non fermenter
- XLD: colonies prod. H2S (so black)?
How do you control salmonellosis in a herd?
- enteric type: nursing care
- septicemic type: nursing care + antibiotics
How do you treat salmonellosis
Admin. a serum w/ antibodies to core LPS (endotox.)
4 names of important yersinia species and their respective diseases
- y. Pestis (bubonic plague & septcemia plague)
- y. Pseudotuberculosis (pseudotuberculosis)
- y. Entericolita (food borne illness)
- y. Ruckeri (red mouth disease)
Animal that is highly susceptible to the plague is
Cats
Clinical signs of a cat infected w/ y. Pestis
Nodular necrosis, hemorrhage, edema, fibrin, and acute necrotizing inflamm.
What plays an important role in the epidemiology of the plague and how are humans infected?
- rats have an important role
- humans get the plague from fleas, aerosols, or cats
Which animal is the most important reservoir for y. Entericolitica
Pigs
Major steps in control of the plague
- rapid antibiotic therapy
- hospitalize pneumonic animals
- flea and rodent control in endemic areas
- F1 and V subunit vx
Major steps in controlling y. Entericolitica
- cleaning and cooking pork intestine
What feature makes klebsiella unique compared to other enterobacteriaceae species
- prod. Mucoid colonies indicative of capsule production
What attributes to hte mucoid colony morphology of klebsiella?
Lactose prod?
Major reservoir of klebsiella in dairy cattle
Udders and teats
How to prevent or control klebsiella infect.
- don’t use sawdust or wood shavings as bedding
- increase handwashing and sterilization
Is klebsiella an important noscomical bacteria?
Yes
What antibiotic is klebsiella resistant to
Beta lactamase
