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Infection & Immunity 2 > Campylobacter > Flashcards

Campylobacter Flashcards

1
Q

Characteristics

A
  • gram -ve
  • oxidase +ve
  • corkscrew motility
  • spiral shaped rods
  • microaerophilic
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2
Q

2 types that cause enteritis

A
  • C. jejuni
  • C. Coli
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3
Q

3 types that cause infertility and abortion

A
  • C. Jejuni
  • C. Fetus ssp venerealis
  • C. Fetus ssp fetus
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4
Q

Who 1st recognized campylobacter, what yr, and how did he describe it?

A
  • theodore escherich
  • 1886
  • called it cholera infantum when found in intestines of kids
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5
Q

Yr found in human feces

A

1968

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6
Q

Yr recognized as human pathogen

A

1970

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7
Q

C. Jejuni and C. Coli are the most common causes of….

A

Human and animal gastroenteritis

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8
Q

Which 2 types are usually found in GIT of birds, and domestic/wild animals

A

C. Jejuni & C. Coli

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9
Q

Most common type in K9 poop

A

C. Upsaliensis

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10
Q

2 strains isolated from pigs

A

C. Hyointestinalis and C. Mucosalis

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11
Q

GIT and gallbladder of ruminants are a reservoir for what type?

A

C. Fetus

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12
Q

Species C. Jejuni and C. Coli affect

A

Ruminants, poultry, K9, cats, mink, ferrets, pigs, non-human primates

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13
Q

C. Fetus ssp fetus is found in

A

Ruminants

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14
Q

C. Fetus ssp venerealis found in

A

Cattle

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15
Q

General incubation pd

A
  • short
  • enteritis within 3 days in puppies, chicks, and poults
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16
Q

Clinical signs of C. Jejuni and C. Coli

A

Gastroenteritis in all animals

17
Q

Clin signs of C. Fetus ssp fetus (general)

A
  • abortions
  • stillbirth
  • infertility
18
Q

Clin signs of C. Fetus ssp fetus in goats and sheep

A
  • late term abort.
  • weak lambs
  • metritis
  • death
19
Q

Clin signs of C. Fetus ssp venerealis (5)

A
  • infertility
  • early embryonic death
  • prolonged calving szn
  • occasional abortion
  • mucopurulent endometritis
20
Q

Which 2 types cause donut-like lesions on the liver

A

C. Jejuni & C. Fetus sssp fetus

21
Q

C. Fetus in humans

A
  • opportunistic
  • causes syst. Infect
  • immunocomp. @ risk
22
Q

Communicability of Campylobacter species

A
  • zoonotic
  • spread by direct contact, fomites, arthropods (mechanical), AI, contaminated food and water
23
Q

Communicability (what is it spread by & is it zoonotic)

A
  • zoonotic
  • spread by: direct contact, fomites, arthropods (mechanical), AI, contaminated H2O and food
24
Q

Microscopic diagnosis

A
  • visualization: curved, spiral rods via phase-contrast or dark-field microscopy
  • campylobacter enteritis
25
Definitive diagnosis (4)
- isolate via selective media & reduced O2 tension - preserve fetal & placental tissues at 4 deg C - microaerophilic conditions - ELISA (research), molecular detection, PCR, serology
26
Distinguish C. jejuni from C. Fetus
- C. Fetus grows well @ 37 deg C and susceptible to cephalothin
27
Agar used to diagnose campyloabcter spp
Remel campy blood agar
28
Diagnosing Bovine genital campylobacteriosis (C. Fetus spp venerealis)
- IgA in cervical mucus - vaginal mucus agglutination test - ELISA - culture bacteria from discharge and sheath washings
29
Postmortem lesions (5)
- congested & edematous colon - hemorrhagic colitis - edematous LN - mild placentitis - autolyzed fetus
30
Human treatment
- usually self-resolving - drink fluids to prev. Dehyd. - antibiotics for sever or high risk patients - macrolide antibiotics (erythromycin) can shorten
31
Guillain-barre syndrome
- rare complication of campylobacter jejuni in humans - immune syst damages nerves causing muscle weakness & sometimes paralysis - starts several wks after person gets sick - intensive care req.
32
Good alternative antibiotic
- tylosin
33
Which 2 antibiotics can increase drug resistance
Enrofloxacin and metronidazole
34
Vx for bovine genital campylobacteriosis
- accelerates bacterial elimination - given once @ 4 wks before breeding starts - revaccinate halfway through breeding season
35
Tx bovine genital campylobacteriosis
- animals given 2x dose for cows, 3 wks apart - 1 -2 treatments w/ streptomycin at 20 mg/kg SQ, 5g streptomycin in oil-based solution applied to penis for 3 consecutive days
36
Human prevention
- avoid raw dairy prod. & undercooked meat - separate raw foods - good hygiene - avoid sick animals - no vx
37
Prev in animals
- vx for ovine abortion and bovine genital campy. - poultry: sanitation, exclude pests, all-in/out, closed flock
38
Disinfection
- 1% sodium hypochlorate - 70% ethanol - 2% glutaraldehyde - iodine based disinf. - phenolic disinf. - formaldehyde - moist/ dry heat - gamma irrradiation - UV radiation

Infection & Immunity 2 (24 decks)

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