non cancer-stomach Flashcards
Describe the structural pathologies of the stomach and their outcomes. Describe acute and chronic gastritis, its causes, pathologic features and possible outcomes. Describe the role Helicobacter Pylori plays in gastric pathology Describe the various types of gastric ulcers, their etiologies, pathologic features and outcomes. Describe the variants of hypertrophic gastropathy and their associations and outcomes.
neo-nate with projectile vomiting
pyloric stenosis
visible peristalsis and a firm, ovoid mass in the region of the pylorus
pyloric stenosis
Protrusion of stomach and intestines into the thorax through a defect in the diaphragm
diaphramatic hernia
results of diaphramatic hernia
acute respiratory syndrome in neonates (viscera pushes into the thorax resulting in hypoplastic lungs)
major causes of gastroparesis
vagotomy and diabetic autonomic neuropathy
early satiety, burping, and vomiting (partially digested food
gastroparesis
clinical term for decreased or absent stomach motility
gastropareisis
most common causes of acute gastritis (3)
NSAIDS, EtOH, Stress (burn, surgery, trauma, infection)
steps of actute gastritis pathenogenesis
mucosal barrier breakdown
increased acid/decreased bicarb buffer
decreased mucosal blood flow
injury to exposed mucosal cells by excess acid
epigastric pain with n/v, and possible bleeding
acute gastritis
how to tell acute gastritis moves to chronic
presense of plasma cells
chronic gastritis can lead to
mucosal atrophy or epithelial gastric carcinoma
can cause chronic gastritis
H PYLORI and anything causing acute for a long time (smoking, autoimmune, etc)
clinical dx of h pylori
biopsy or urease test
complications of chronic gastritis
peptic ulcers
gastric cancer
pernicous anemia
intestinal cancer
autoimmune gastritis can lead to
autoantibodies to parietal cells, then malabsorption of B-12 –> macrocytic anemia
when erosion becomes an ulcer
when the entire mucosa is breached, nor just superfiscialy
can cause acute gastric ulcers
systemic stress, burns, injury to CNS, NSAIDS, gastric irritants
small, circular, shallow, ragged edged ulcers
acute gastric
location of most chronic peptic ulcers
first portion of duodenum or gastric antrum
present in 70% of pts with gastric ulcers
helicobacter
pathenogenesis of peptic ulcer disease
exposure of mucosa to acid and pepsin
causes of PUD
chronic NSAID
cigerette smoking
alcoholic cirrosis,COPD, renal failure
zollinger-ellison syndrome
how zollinger ellison syndrome can cause PUD
gastrin secreting tumor causes acid to be secreted, resulting in multiple peptic ulcerations
epigatric gnawing, burning pain 1-3 hours after meals relieved by food
PUD
complications of PUD
bleeding and iron deficiency anemia
perforation
obstruction
round, punched out craters in the duodenum or antrum usually solitary
chronic PUD
found at the bottom of a chronic peptic ulcer
scar tissue
giant cerbriform enlargemtent of rugal folds of gastric mucosa WITHOUT inflammation
hypertrophic gastropathy
variants of hypertrophic gastropathy
menetrier disease
zollinger-ellison
hyperplasia of surface mucosal cells with glandular atrophy
menetrier disease
hyperplasia of parietel and cheif cells within gastric glands
zollinger-ellison syndrome
genetic syndrome associated with zollinger-ellison syndrome
MEN1
epigastric discomfort, weigh loss, diarreha, hypoproteinemia in a male 40-60
menetrier disease
menetrier disease has increased risk of
adenocarcinoma
