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GI > non cancer-stomach > Flashcards

non cancer-stomach Flashcards

Describe the structural pathologies of the stomach and their outcomes. Describe acute and chronic gastritis, its causes, pathologic features and possible outcomes. Describe the role Helicobacter Pylori plays in gastric pathology Describe the various types of gastric ulcers, their etiologies, pathologic features and outcomes. Describe the variants of hypertrophic gastropathy and their associations and outcomes.

1
Q

neo-nate with projectile vomiting

A

pyloric stenosis

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2
Q

visible peristalsis and a firm, ovoid mass in the region of the pylorus

A

pyloric stenosis

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3
Q

Protrusion of stomach and intestines into the thorax through a defect in the diaphragm

A

diaphramatic hernia

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4
Q

results of diaphramatic hernia

A

acute respiratory syndrome in neonates (viscera pushes into the thorax resulting in hypoplastic lungs)

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5
Q

major causes of gastroparesis

A

vagotomy and diabetic autonomic neuropathy

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6
Q

early satiety, burping, and vomiting (partially digested food

A

gastroparesis

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7
Q

clinical term for decreased or absent stomach motility

A

gastropareisis

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8
Q

most common causes of acute gastritis (3)

A

NSAIDS, EtOH, Stress (burn, surgery, trauma, infection)

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9
Q

steps of actute gastritis pathenogenesis

A

mucosal barrier breakdown
increased acid/decreased bicarb buffer
decreased mucosal blood flow
injury to exposed mucosal cells by excess acid

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10
Q

epigastric pain with n/v, and possible bleeding

A

acute gastritis

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11
Q

how to tell acute gastritis moves to chronic

A

presense of plasma cells

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12
Q

chronic gastritis can lead to

A

mucosal atrophy or epithelial gastric carcinoma

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13
Q

can cause chronic gastritis

A

H PYLORI and anything causing acute for a long time (smoking, autoimmune, etc)

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14
Q

clinical dx of h pylori

A

biopsy or urease test

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15
Q

complications of chronic gastritis

A

peptic ulcers
gastric cancer
pernicous anemia
intestinal cancer

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16
Q

autoimmune gastritis can lead to

A

autoantibodies to parietal cells, then malabsorption of B-12 –> macrocytic anemia

17
Q

when erosion becomes an ulcer

A

when the entire mucosa is breached, nor just superfiscialy

18
Q

can cause acute gastric ulcers

A

systemic stress, burns, injury to CNS, NSAIDS, gastric irritants

19
Q

small, circular, shallow, ragged edged ulcers

A

acute gastric

20
Q

location of most chronic peptic ulcers

A

first portion of duodenum or gastric antrum

21
Q

present in 70% of pts with gastric ulcers

A

helicobacter

22
Q

pathenogenesis of peptic ulcer disease

A

exposure of mucosa to acid and pepsin

23
Q

causes of PUD

A

chronic NSAID
cigerette smoking
alcoholic cirrosis,COPD, renal failure
zollinger-ellison syndrome

24
Q

how zollinger ellison syndrome can cause PUD

A

gastrin secreting tumor causes acid to be secreted, resulting in multiple peptic ulcerations

25
Q

epigatric gnawing, burning pain 1-3 hours after meals relieved by food

A

PUD

26
Q

complications of PUD

A

bleeding and iron deficiency anemia
perforation
obstruction

27
Q

round, punched out craters in the duodenum or antrum usually solitary

A

chronic PUD

28
Q

found at the bottom of a chronic peptic ulcer

A

scar tissue

29
Q

giant cerbriform enlargemtent of rugal folds of gastric mucosa WITHOUT inflammation

A

hypertrophic gastropathy

30
Q

variants of hypertrophic gastropathy

A

menetrier disease

zollinger-ellison

31
Q

hyperplasia of surface mucosal cells with glandular atrophy

A

menetrier disease

32
Q

hyperplasia of parietel and cheif cells within gastric glands

A

zollinger-ellison syndrome

33
Q

genetic syndrome associated with zollinger-ellison syndrome

A

MEN1

34
Q

epigastric discomfort, weigh loss, diarreha, hypoproteinemia in a male 40-60

A

menetrier disease

35
Q

menetrier disease has increased risk of

A

adenocarcinoma

GI (22 decks)

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