Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

GI > non-cancer SI > Flashcards

non-cancer SI Flashcards

Describe the common structural anomalies of the bowel (Stenosis \ atresia, duplication, Meckel, Omphalocele, Malrotation and Hirschsprung disease) Compare and contrast the causes of diarrhea (secretory, osmotic, exudative, dysentery, and malabsorption) Describe the pathogenesis and pathologic findings (including lab tests) of pseudomembranous colitis Describe the clinicopathologic findings in gluten sensistive enteropathy as well as possible outcomes for refractory disease Compare and contra

1
Q

major causes of intestinal obstruction

A

hernia, adhesion, volvulus (twisting) and intusseption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

congenital defect in colonic innervation

A

hirschsprung disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

neonates with failure to pass meconium followed by pbsreuctive constipation

A

hirschsprung disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

pathenogenisis of hirschsprung disease

A

failure of neural crest cells to migrate from cecum to rectum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

genetic mutation in hirschsprung disease

A

loss of function mutation in TK RET

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

common sites of herniation

A

weakness or defect in abdominal wall, inginial and femoral canal,unbilicus or sites of surgical scarring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

infarction limited to muscularis mucosa

A

mucosal infarction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

infarction of mucosa and submucosa

A

mural infarction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

infarction of all three layers of bawel wall

A

transmural infarction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

transmural infarction caused by

A

acute vascular obstruction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

can cause acute bowel vascular pbstruction

A

atherosclerosis
aneurysm
hypercoagulable states
emobolization of cardiac vegitation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

can cause intestinal hypoperfusion

A

cardiac failure
dehydration
vasoconstrictive drugs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

parts of bowel most sucseptible to ischemia

A

segments at the end of their respective arterial supplies (watershed zones)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

morphologic signature of ischemic bowel disease

A

eurface epithelial atryphy with normal or hyperproliferative crypts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

type of ischemic bowel disease that is segmental and patchy

A

mucosal and mural

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

blood tinged mucous or blood in intestinal luman

A

transmural infarction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

sudden severe abdominal pain snd tenderness with n/v, bloddy diarreha and grossly melontic stool.

A

ischemic bowel disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

rigid abdomominal wall and diminished bowel sounds

A

ischemic bowel disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

ischemic bowel disease tends to be associated with

A

cardiac or vascular disease in older people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

malformed submucosal and mucosal blood vessels

A

angiodysplasia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

most often location of angiodysplasia

A

cecum or right colon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

pain and rectal bleeding

A

hemorroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

bad cause of hemorroids

A

portal hypertension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

isontonic stool, perisiting during fasting

A

secretory diarrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

concentrated osmolar stool that abates with fasting

A

osmotic diarrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

typeof diahhrea in lactose intolerance

A

osmotic diarrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

steatorrhea and releved by fasting. flatus, abdominal pain and weight loss

A

malabsropative diarrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

bloody stools continuing through fasting

A

exudative diarrhea

29
Q

problems with malabsorptive diarreha

A

vitamin deficiency

30
Q

immune related eneropathy from ingestion of gluten

A

celiac disease

31
Q

genes present in celiac disease

A

HLA-DQ2/8

32
Q

histological findings in celiac disease

A

intraepithelial lymphocytosis, crypt hyperplasia, villious atrophy

33
Q

diarreha, bloating and fatige with anemia

A

celiac disease

34
Q

celiac disease pts have a higher risk of

A

lymphoma and intestinal adenocarcinonoma

35
Q

cause of pseudomembranois colitis

A

overgrowhth of c diff due to disruption of normal bowel flora, usually due to broad spectrum antibiotics

36
Q

membrane looking layer in the colon of inflamatory cells and debris

A

pseudomembranois colitis

37
Q

fever, leukocytosis, abdominal pain, water diarrhea and dehydration in a older, hospitalized person

A

pseudomembranois colitis

38
Q

volcano-like eruptions of neutrophils from colonic crypt

A

pseudomembranois colitis

39
Q

outpouching of colonic mucosa and submucosa

A

diverticulitis

40
Q

causes colonic diverticulitus

A

elevated intraluminal pressure in sigmoid colon

41
Q

dietary causes of diverticulitis

A

low-fiber diet

42
Q

most common place of diverticulitis

A

sigmoid colon

43
Q

intermittant cramping, continuus lower abdominal discomfort, constipation and diarrhea in older peope

A

diverticulitis

44
Q

skip lesion inflammatory bowel disease

A

crohn

45
Q

continus inflammatory bowel disease

A

ulcerative colitis

46
Q

transmural inflamation, ulceration and fissures

A

crohns

47
Q

psudopolyp and ulcers

A

ulcerative colotis

48
Q

area involved in ulcerative colitis

A

colon and rectum

49
Q

area involved in crohns

A

any part of GI tract

50
Q

lymphoid reaction and fibrosis IBD

A

crohn

51
Q

granulomas and fistulas in IBD

A

crohn

52
Q

IDB demographics

A

young, white, females (highest in A jews)

53
Q

genetic marker in IBD susceptiple families

A

NOD2

54
Q

cobblestone lesions

A

crohn

55
Q

creeping fat

A

crohn

56
Q

paneth cell metaplasia

A

crohn

57
Q

cutaneous granulomas in IBD

A

crohn

58
Q

intermittent attack of mild diarrhea, fever and abdominal pain with possible RLQ pain and fever

A

crohn

59
Q

extraintestinal manifestations IBD

A

crohn

60
Q

broad based ulcers IBD

A

UC

61
Q

pseudopolyps and mucosal atrophy

A

UC

62
Q

can lead to toxic megacolon (IBD)

A

UC

63
Q

relapsing attacks of bloody diarreha with expulsion of stringy, mucoid material. Lower abdominal pain and cramps releived by defecation

A

UC

64
Q

long term risk of IBD

A

perforation and cancer

65
Q

small peduculated polyps

A

tubular

66
Q

larger polyps covered by villi

A

villious polyps

67
Q

mix of villous and tubular polyps

A

tubulovillois polyps

68
Q

polyp most likely to turn malignant

A

serrated

69
Q

main way to gauge polyp to cancer risk

A

larger = higher risk

GI (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions