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GI > Head and Neck > Flashcards

Head and Neck Flashcards

Describe the clinicopathologic features of benign head and neck tumors, squamous dysplasia, and carcinoma Compare and contrast the common salivary gland tumors Describe the clinicopathologic features of the common non-neoplastic diseases of the oral cavity

1
Q

diseases associated with aphthous ulcers

A

celiac, inflammatory bowel disease, Behcet disease

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2
Q

erthematous halo surrounding yellowish fibrinopurulent membrane

A

aphthous ulcers

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3
Q

abrupt onset of vesicles throughout the oral cavity

A

acute herpetic gingivostomatitis

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4
Q

causes “cole sores”

A

HPV-1

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5
Q

can reactivate HPV-1 sores

A

trauma, allergies, UV light, upper RTI, pregancy, menstruation, immunospuression, extremes of temp

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6
Q

balloning of infected cells with large eosinophillic intranuclear inclusions.Adjacent cells fuse to form large multinucleated polykarons

A

herpes lesions

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7
Q

most common fungal infection of the oral cavity

A

candidiasis (thrush)

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8
Q

can promote thrush

A

immunocompromise or broad spectrum antibiotics

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9
Q

superfiscial curdlike inflamatory membrane of matted orginisms

A

thrush

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10
Q

submucosal nodular fibrous tissue formed by chronic irritation

A

fibromas

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11
Q

common site of fibromas

A

buccal mucosa along bite line

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12
Q

treatment of fibromas

A

surgical exision and removal of source of irritation

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13
Q

richly vascular, ulcerated lesions in the mouth

A

pyogenic granulomas

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14
Q

white patch or plaque that cannot be scraped off and cannot be called anything else

A

leukoplakia

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15
Q

may progress to SCC

A

leukoplakia, erythroplakia

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16
Q

red velvety eroded area flat or depressed to the surrounding mucosa

A

erythroplakia

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17
Q

risk factor of leukoplakia or erythroplakia

A

tobacco use

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18
Q

thickened, acanthotic, orderly mucosal lesions with marked dysplasia

A

leukoplasia

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19
Q

most common oral cancer type

A

SCC

20
Q

mutations common in oral cancer caused by tobacco

A

TP53, p63 and NOTCH1

21
Q

most common behavioral risk factor of oral cancer

A

tobacco use

22
Q

cause of oral tumors in the tonsillar crypts and base of the tounge

A

HPV 16 infection

23
Q

mutation of oral tumors in the tonsillar crypts and base of the tounge

A

p16

24
Q

worse prognosis of oral cancer

A

HPV negative

25
Q

most common locations of oral SCC

A

ventral surface of the tounge, floor of mouth, lower lip, soft palate and gingiva

26
Q

raised, firm, pearly plauqes

A

SCC

27
Q

dry mouth resulting from decrease in saliva production

A

xerostomia

28
Q

autoimmune disorder that can cause xerostomia

A

sjogren syndrome (occurs with dry eyes)

29
Q

possible causes of xerostomia

A

many medications, sjogrens

30
Q

dry eyes, dry mouth, inflammatory enlargement of salivary glands

A

sjogren syndrome

31
Q

complications of xerostomia

A

cavities and difficulrt swallowing/speaking

32
Q

most common cause of sialdenitis

A

mumps

33
Q

imflamation fo salivary glands

A

sialadentitis

34
Q

imflammatory lesion of salivary glands that changes in size in association with meals

A

mucocele

35
Q

cystlike space lined with granulation tissue or fibrous connective tissue filled with mucin or macrophages

A

mucocele

36
Q

common antecedent to sialadentitis

A

salivary stones, also food debris or edema from injury, dehydration, long term phenothiazene therapy

37
Q

bugs that cause sialadentitis

A

staph A and strep viridens

38
Q

most common salivary gland to get a tumor

A

parotid

39
Q

the smaller the gland the more likely…

A

a tumor is malignant

40
Q

most common type of salivary gland malignant tumor

A

mucoepidermoid carcinoma

41
Q

most common salivary gland tumor

A

adenoma

42
Q

tumor with mix of all kinds of cells

A

pleomorphic adenoma

43
Q

long term risk of pleomorphic adenoma

A

can morph into very aggressive maligancu

44
Q

variable mixture of squamous cells, mucus secreting cells, and intermediate cells

A

mucoepidermoid carcinoma

45
Q

gene mutation in mucoepidermoid carcinoma

A

MAML2

46
Q

cords, sheets and cysts lined by squamous, mucous or intermediate cells

A

mucoepidermoid carcinoma

GI (22 decks)

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