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NMS 1-3 > NMS 3: Orthotics > Flashcards

NMS 3: Orthotics Flashcards

1
Q

The longitudinal arch is _______ and ____ than the medial arch

A

Lower and flatter

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2
Q

Transverse arch goes ______ the foot

A

Across

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3
Q

Plantar vault/dome

A

The three arches together form a dome shape

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4
Q

Why do we need orthotics?

A

Maintain foot structure
-for the rest of our body (can lead to degenerative joint disease)

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5
Q

Pronation/Knee injuries

A

Excessive pronation causes: internal tibial rotaion, patellar tracking problems…

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6
Q

Where do we support the arches of the foot?

A

Medial longitudinal arch, transverse arch support, lateral longitudinal arch, heel cup option

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7
Q

Rigid orthotics

A

Build to hold the foot in optimal position
-Only allows movement at the ankle and forefoot

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8
Q

Soft Orthotics

A

Built to support the foot and prevent the arches from dropping past the normal range
-Allows normal motion of the entire foot while preventing excessive motion

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9
Q

Treatment goals for doctor with orthotics

A

-Reasonable structural alignment
-Optimal neurological functoin

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10
Q

The Original Spinal Pelvic Stabilizer

A

-1952 Dr. Monte Greenawalt develops the first SPS

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11
Q

FL helps to:

A

-Decrease Q-angle
-Help balance the pelvis
-Decrease LBP by 34.5%

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12
Q

Orthotics Goals

A

-Provide heel strike shock protection
-Enhance sensory-motor reflexes

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13
Q

5 Red Flags of Spinal Stability

A
  1. Foot flare during gait
  2. Excessive shoe wear
  3. Low medial arches
  4. Bowed achilles tendon
  5. Internal knee rotation
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14
Q

Helbing’s Sign

A

Medial bowing of the achilles tendon with a loss of foot pronation

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15
Q

Too Many Toe Sign

A

Finding of significant forefoot abduction or pronation, 3 or more toes are visible

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16
Q

Observational changes in the foot (Plantar Fasciitis)

A

Callus under the 2-4 metatarsal heads
-Abnormal wear of shoe

17
Q

PSI Card (Navicular Drop Test)

A

> 5mm difference would indicate a foot issue

18
Q

Benefits of Scanning

A

-As accurate as casting
-Faster
-Can be done without ordering

19
Q

Brannock Device

A

Ability to size shoe based on measuring persons dimensions.

20
Q

Plaster cast

A

Simple copy of the foot without weight
-No transverse arch or correction for problems

21
Q

Stages of Development in Children

A

-Birth to 2 years: Bow legs/toeing common
-Age 3-5: Knock knees and toeing out are common
-Age 6-7: Knees and feet should resemble adult positioning
(Medial arch should be observable)

22
Q

Modifications of Orthotic

A

-Heel Spurs
-Heel Cups: Keep calcaneus from moving back and fourth
-Heel Lifts: Anatomical Short Leg
-Building Up an Arch

23
Q

Other Considerations of Orthotics

A

-Shoe type and quantity
-Measurements

24
Q

Benefits of Barefoot Running

A

Natural gait
-Reduct injuries
-More effieicnt
-Improve balance and proprioception

25
Q

Negatives of Barefoot running

A

-Slow adaptation phase
-Less protection/insulation than running shod
-Increased risk of plantar faciitis
-More blisters

26
Q

The size and shape of orthotics is constant between manufacturers?

A

False

27
Q

Rigid orthotics are usually made to support the arch in the neutral non weight bearing position?

A

True

28
Q

Over pronation of the foot causes all except?

a. Metatarsalgia
b. Morton Neuroma
c. Navicular subluxation
d. Turf Toe

A

d. Turf Toe

29
Q

Orthotic companies offer product and modifications to best match the patients feet and condition?

A

True

30
Q

The size and shape of shoes is constant between manufacturers?

A

False

31
Q

The Navicular drop test measures the distance the navicular moves when?

a. Running
b. Moving from sitting to standing
c. Walking
d. Jumping

A

b. Moving from sitting to standing

32
Q

You should make sure you follow the orthotic company instruction on how to collect the information to make the orthotic?

A

True

33
Q

Shoe companies design their shoes to fit what they consider the average foot size and shape?

A

True

34
Q

One of the advantages of wearing orthotics is that the patients shoes will wear correctly and may last longer.

A

True

35
Q

Heel cups are used to keep the calcaneus in the proper position in the shoe?

A

True

NMS 1-3 (27 decks)

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