NMS 3 | Exam 1 Flashcards
Shoulder abduction occurs in which plane?
A. Transverse plane
B. Frontal Plane
C. Sagittal Plane
D. Horizontal Plane
B. Frontal Plane
The strategy of combining several orthopaedic procedures together to provide confident _________
A. Pairing
B. Grouping
C. Gaggle
D. Clustering
D. Clustering
Which of the following exam procedures is considered a qualitative measure
A. Measured ROM
B. Postural Assessment
C. Blood Pressure
D. Weight Bearing Wall Lunge Test
B. Postural Assessment
Which of the following muscles acts to flex the lower cervical spine and extend the occiput?
A. Longus colli
B. Sternocleidomastoid
C. Longus Capitis
D. Rectus Capitis posterior major
B. Sternocleidomastoid
Rotation of the vertebrae in the lower cervical spine occurs in what plane?
A. Sagittal plane
B. Frontal Plane
C. A plane equal with the facet planes
D. A plane equal with the vertebral
C. A plane equal with the facet planes
Which of the following incidents reported by the patient would NOT warrant radiographs prior to the treatment?
A. A motor vehicle accident less than 50mph
B. Fall from a height greater than 1m
C. Unable to achieve 45 degrees of cervical rotation
D. Parenthesis in the extremities
A. A motor vehicle accident less than 50mph
Which 2 muscles work together to create a force couple to correct anterior scapular tilt?
A. Subscapularis and Infraspinatus
B. Pec Minor and Serratus Anterior
C. Levator Scapulae and Serratus Anterior
D. Upper and Lower Fibers of the Trapezius
B. Pec Minor and Serratus Anterior
Which of the following muscles are responsible for downward rotation of the scapula? (Can be multiple)
A. Subscapularis
B. Serratus Anterior
C. Levator Scapulae
D. Supraspinatus
E. Rhomboids
C. Levator Scapulae, E. Rhomboids
What position would you place the patients arm to place the shoulder in the open packed position?
A. Extension and internal rotation
B. Protraction and internal rotation
C. Scaption of 60 degrees
D. Abduction and external rotation
C. Scaption of 60 degrees
Scapular Downward Rotation: Movement and Muscles Involved
-Return the arms downward from the overhead
-Pectoralis minor, Levator scapulae, and rhomboids
Scapular Elevation: Movement and Muscles involved
-Glide the shoulders toward the ears
-Upper trapezius, Levator scapulae, rhomboids
Scapular Depression: Movement and Muscles Involved
-Glide the shoulders forward
-Lower trapezius, Pectoralis minor, latissimus dorsi
Scapular protraction: Movement and muscles involved
-Rounding the shoulders forward
-Serratus anterior and Pectoralis major/minor
Scapular retraction: Movement and Muscles Involved
-Pinch the shoulder blades toward each other
-Rhomboids and Trapezius
Anterior tilt is accomplished by
Pectoralis minor and spinal flexion
Posterior tilt of the scapula is accomplished by:
Serratus anterior, spinal extension and thoracic extension*
Scapular Upward Rotation: Movement and Muscles Involved
-Lifting the arms overhead
-Upper and Middle Trapezius
What happens to the upper and lower segments of the cervical spine during retraction?
-Upper segments flex
-Lower segments extend
Types of Pain
-Mechanical, Ischema, Peripheral neurogenic, central sensitization, affective nocioception, motor/autonomic
Mechanical/Inflammatory Pain
-Imrpoves with changes in movements and positioning
-May have movement-based cause or solution
-Inflammatory pain: Made worse with most movements
Ischemic Pain
-Lack of oxygen/nutrient rich blood causes tissue degeneration
-TX: Remodelling (Patient education/exercise)
-
Peripheral Pain
-Entrapment: Adjacent tissue traps and compresses the nerve
-Extensibility: Lacks extensibility, loading properties and functional ability
Central Sensitization
-Patient beliefs of perceived threat of injury
-Overprotective mode
-Chronic (>12 weeks)
-Pain=Harm
Affective Pain
Inadequate ability to psychologically cope, causing the unconscious mind to use the body in manifesting physical symptoms
Motor/Autonomic Pain
-Fear avoiding behaviours leads to neuroplasticity and possible cortical smudging
-Pain = Harm
Which of the following muscles is considered as a “major extensor of the thoracolumbar spine?
A. Rotators
B. Multifidus
C. External Oblique
D. Iliocostalis
D. Iliocostalis
Direction of Humerus Head during: Internal Rotation and Flexion
Posterior
Direction of Humerus Head during:External Rotation and Extension
Anterior
Direction of the head of the humerus during abduction and adduction
Abduction: Inferior
Adduction: Superior
What direction is the sternoclavicular joint expected to move during abduction?
-Proximal Clavicle Depresses
Which direction is the sternoclavicular joint expected to move during shoulder horizontal abduction
Clavicle moves anteriorly
Muscles that flex the occiput
-RCA
-RCL
-Longus Capitis
-Hyoid muscles inferior
-Obliquus capitis superior
Muscles that flex the neck
-Longus Colli
-Scalenus Anterior
-Scalenus Medius
-Scalenus posterior
-Infrahyoid muscles
-Suprahyoid muscles
-Sternocleidomastoid
Muscles that extend the occiput
-Splenius capitis
-Semispinalis capitis
-Longissimus capitis
-Spinalis capitis
-Trapezius accessory
-RCPM
-OCS
-OCI
-SCM
Muscles that extend the neck
-Splenius Capitis
-Semispinalis Capitis
-Longissimus Cervicis
-Levator Scapulae
-Iliocostalis cervicis
-Spinalis cervicis
-Multifidus
-Interpsinalis Cervicis
-Trapezius
-RCPM
-Rotatores
Cervical Radiculopathy Cluster
-Spurling’s Test
-Upper limb tension test 1/a
-Distraction Test
-<60 degrees of cervical rotation towards the involved side
