New Terms Exam 2

Question 1

Ovaries - Endocrine

Answer 1

Produce endrogens, estrogens, and progestogens

Question 2

Estrogens

Answer 2

promote the growth and maturation of internal and external sex organs; development of the secondary female sex characteristics; promote breast development.

Question 3

Progestogens

Answer 3

prepare internal sex organs (primarily uterus) for pregnancy by promoting changes in endometrium; prepare mammary glands for lactation.

Question 4

Exocrine ovaries

Answer 4

xocrine function, as the ovaries produce the female gamete (i.e. ovum); gametogenesis; specifically the ovaries produce and ovulate a secondary oocyte.

Question 5

Primary Oocyte

Answer 5

Arrested in prophase - surrounded by follicular cells, forming primordial follicle.

Question 6

Embryo oocyte dev.

Answer 6

Primordial germ cells - Oogonia – primary occyte during embryology

Question 7

atresia,

Answer 7

However, beginning at the fifth month of fetal life and throughout the woman’s lifetime, primary oocytes undergo a slow degenerative processes called atresia, defined as spontaneous death and subsequent reabsorption.

Question 8

• Three basic types of ovarian follicles:

Answer 8

1. Primordial follicles
2. Growing follicles
   a. Primary follicles
   1) Early or Unilaminar primary follicles
   2) Late or Multilayered or Multilaminar primary follicles
   b. Secondary (Antral) follicles
3. Mature or Graafian follicles - ovulate secondary oocytes

Question 9

Ecentric

Answer 9

Off-center nucleus

Question 10

Theca Interna

Answer 10

cuboidal secretory cells; in response to LH, these cells synthesize and secrete androgens (i.e. precursors of estrogen); endocrine function; also fibroblasts, collagen bundles, and lots of blood vessels.

Question 11

• Theca folliculi (follicular theca)

Answer 11

is the sheath of connective tissue cells that develop from the stromal cells surrounding the developing follicle.

Question 12

Theca Externa

Answer 12

heca externa – fibrous outer portion; smooth muscle cells, fibroblast, and bundles of collagen.

Question 13

Corpus Luteum

Answer 13

Granulosa and theca interna cells after ovulation. These undergo hypertrophy and produce progesterone. Cells of theca interna only increase slightly in size. Thecaleutin cells still produce estrogens.

Question 14

Corpus Albicans

Answer 14

Primarily collagen.

Question 15

Uterus layers

Answer 15

Perimetrium, myometrium, endometrium

Question 16

Periimetrium

Answer 16

Outermost layer, adventitia or seros

Question 17

Myometrium

Answer 17

Muscular/middle layer - smooth muscle separated by connective tissue with vascularization. 4 layers

Question 18

Endometrium

Answer 18

Simple columnar epithelium, underlying lamina propria. This layer contains uterine glands. Has 2 parts - deeper basal layer (stratum basale), stratum funcitonali. Thickness of functional layer changes on hormones - removed monthly.

Question 19

Spermatogenesis

Answer 19

3 parts- Spermatogonial phase (mitosis)
Spermatocyte phase - meiosis
Spermiogenesis - maturation process of sperm