Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy 6511 > Axilla and Brachial Plexus > Flashcards

Axilla and Brachial Plexus Flashcards

1
Q

Axilla

A

Pyramidal shaped region between arm & chest
Pec. major & minor mm. = Anterior wall
Lat. dorsi, teres major & subscapularis mm. = Posterior wall
Serratus anterior m. = Medial wall
Intertubercular sulcus of humerus = Lateral wall
Skin & Fascia of armpit = base

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Axilla boundaries

A

Pectoralis major & minor mm. = Anterior wall
Lat. dorsi, teres major & subscapularis mm. = Posterior wall
Serratus anterior m. = Medial wall
Intertubercular sulcus of humerus = Lateral wall
Skin & Fascia of armpit = base

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Axilla

Muscles in the lateral wall

A

include the Coracobrachialis (larger and posterior); & anteromedially = short head of Biceps m.; anterolaterally = Long head of Biceps m.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Axilla: Contents

A

Fat & connective tissue

Axillary v. & lymphatics (outside sheath)

Cutaneous nerves

Axillary sheath – axillary a. & brachial plexus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Axillary nodes

A

in fat; 5 principle groups:
pectoral nodes (anterior): 3-5 nodes near the lateral thoracic v. & inferior border of the pectoralis minor m. – receiving lymph from ant. thoracic wall and most of breast.
subscapular nodes (posterior): 6-7 nodes along subscapular vessels – receiving lymph from the post. thoracic wall and scapular region
humeral nodes (lateral): 4-6 nodes along lateral axilla and around axillary v. – receiving lymph from UL except for the portion along the cephalic v. which drain into the apical axillary and infraclavicular nodes.
central nodes: 3-4 large nodes deep to pectoralis minor
apical nodes: receive lymph from all the other groups of axillary nodes as well as the proximal cephalic v. nodes; forms the subclavian lymphatic trunk and may be joined by the jugular and bronchomediastinal trunks on the Rt side to form the Rt lymphatic jugular duct OR on the left the subclavian trunk most commonly joins the thoracic duct.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

pectoral nodes (anterior)

A

(anterior): 3-5 nodes near the lateral thoracic v. & inferior border of the pectoralis minor m. – receiving lymph from ant. thoracic wall and most of breast.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

subscapular nodes

A

(posterior): 6-7 nodes along subscapular vessels – receiving lymph from the post. thoracic wall and scapular region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

humeral nodes

A

(lateral): 4-6 nodes along lateral axilla and around axillary v. – receiving lymph from UL except for the portion along the cephalic v. which drain into the apical axillary and infraclavicular nodes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

central nodes

A

3-4 large nodes deep to pectoralis minor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

apical nodes

A

receive lymph from all the other groups of axillary nodes as well as the proximal cephalic v. nodes; forms the subclavian lymphatic trunk and may be joined by the jugular and bronchomediastinal trunks on the Rt side to for the Rt lymphatic jugular duct OR on the left the subclavian trunk most commonly joins the thoracic duct.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Sensory Innervation of UL

A

Sensory = cutaneous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Axillary sheath

A

contains the axillary a., nerves, veins and lymphatics

Location of the sheath is down the medial aspect of the arm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Axillary artery

A

Arises from the subclavian a. at the lateral border of the 1st rib

gives rise to the brachial a. at the inferior border of the teres major m.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

superiorly located branches of the subclavian a.: Suprascapular a. & Dorsal Scapular a. will

A

anastomose with the more inferiorly found Circumflex scapular arterial branch of the subscapular a from the 3rd part of the Axillary a.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

deep transverse cervical branch will

A

anastomose with the dorsal scapular a.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Axillary Artery: 3 Parts

A

1st: between 1st rib & pec. minor m.
Gives off Superior thoracic a.

2nd: deep to pec. minor m.
Gives off Thoracoacromial & Lateral Thoracic aa.

3rd: between pec. minor & teres major mm.
Gives off Subscapular, Anterior, & Posterior Circumflex Humeral aa.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The Brachial Plexus

A

Composed of ventral rami C5-T1

Provides nerves for all UL mm. except trapezius m. (innervated by CN XI)

8 cervical nn., but only 7 cervical vertebrae

C1-C7 nn. emerge above C1-C7 vertebrae

C8 n. emerges below C7 vertebra

All other spinal nerves emerge below vertebrae of same number

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Structure of Brachial plexus

A 
Rami (5): emerge in upper neck
Trunks (3): form in lower neck
Divisions (6): split off behind clavicle
Cords (3): form in axillary region
Branches (5): split off in upper arm
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Brachial Plexus: Rami

A

These are the ventral Rami of spinal nerves C5-T1

20
Q

Brachial Plexus: Trunks

A

C5 & C6 rami join to form the upper trunk
C7 ramus becomes the middle trunk
C8 and T1 rami join to for the lower trunk

21
Q

Brachial Plexus: Cords

A

The divisions recombine into cords (3) where the lateral cord contains the anterior contributions from the upper and middle trunks (thus contributions from C5-C7); the posterior cord combines all the posterior divisions of all the trunks (thus contributions from C5-T1); and the medial cord is derived from the anterior portion of the lower trunk (thus is contains C8 & T1 contributions).

22
Q

Brachial Plexus: Branches

A

Read The Darn Cadaver Book

The terminal branches recombine again to give 5 major nerves of the UL.
Musculocutaneous C5, C6, & C7
Median C5-T1
Axillary C5 & C6
Radial C5-T1
Ulnar C8 & 1
23
Q

M” – 3 major branches

Brachial plexus

A

musculocutaneous n.
median n.
ulnar n

24
Q

Y - brachial plexus

A

other 2 major branches (reverse Y)
Radial nerve from posterior cord
and
Axillary n

25
Q

Musculocutaneous N. (C5-C7)

A

Formed from lateral cord
Passes thru coracobrachialis m.
Enters biceps brachii & brachialis mm.
‘Major N.’ of the anterior arm
Innervates coracobrachialis, biceps & ½ of brachialis m.

26
Q

Median N. (C5-T1)

A

Formed from ½ lateral cord & ½ medial cord
Passes medial to arm mm.
‘Major N.’ of the anterior forearm
Innervates most of the anterior forearm, 3 thenar eminence mm. & 1st 2 lumbricals in hand

27
Q

Ulnar N. (C8-T1)

A

Formed from medial cord
Runs behind medial epicondyle
‘Major N.’ of the hand
Innervates most of the mm of the hand, FCU m. & ulnar ½ FDP m. in forearm

28
Q

Axillary N. (C5-C6)

A

Formed from posterior cord
Circles behind humerus in quadrangular space
Innervates deltoid & teres minor mm.

29
Q

Radial N. (C5-T1)

A

Formed from posterior cord
Passes posterior to humerus in radial groove & within triangular interval
“Major N.” of the posterior arm & forearm
Innervates all mm in both regions + ½ of brachialis m.

30
Q

Upper plexus includes

A

branches from C5-C7

31
Q

Pectoral nn from the

A

upper and lower trunks

32
Q

Lower plexus from the

A

posterior portion of all 3 trunks.

33
Q

Upper Plexus Nerves

A

Dorsal scapular n,
Long Thoracic n. (C5-C7)
Suprascapular n. (C5-C6)

34
Q

Dorsal Scapular n. (C5)

A

rhomboid & levator scapulae mm.

35
Q

Long Thoracic n. (C5-C7)

A

Serratus anterior m.

36
Q

Suprascapular n. (C5-C6)

A

supraspinatus & infraspinatus mm.

37
Q

Pectoral Nerves

A

Lateral Pectoral n. (C5-C7)
pectoralis major m.

Medial Pectoral n. (C8-T1)
pectoralis major & minor mm.

38
Q

Lateral Pectoral n. (C5-C7)

A

pectoralis major m.

39
Q

Medial Pectoral n. (C8-T1)

A

pectoralis major & minor mm.

40
Q

Lower Plexus Nerves

A

Upper Subscapular n. (C5-C6)

Thoracodorsal n. (C6-C8)

Lower Subscapular n. (C5-C6)

41
Q

Upper Subscapular n. (C5-C6)

A

subscapularis m.

42
Q

Thoracodorsal n. (C6-C8)

A

latissimus dorsi m.

43
Q

Lower Subscapular n. (C5-C6)

A

subscapularis & teres major mm.

44
Q

Nerve to subclavius m. (C5-C6)

-extra nerves

A

subclavius m.

45
Q

Medial brachial cutaneous n. (C8-T1)

extra nerves

A

sensory to medial arm

46
Q

Medial antibrachial cutaneous n. (C8-T1)

extra nerves

A

sensory to medial forearm

Anatomy 6511 (27 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions