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VMS 4001 > Neutering > Flashcards

Neutering Flashcards

1
Q

What PRe-op considerations for OVH ?

A
  • Wide clip
  • Express bladder
  • Wide drape
  • Suture materials
  • ABs not needed if elective
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2
Q

Describe first incision in OVH

A
  • Ventral midline incision -> sharp slide cut one long smooth incision; fingertip grip
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3
Q

Step one after incision is made?

A

Find the linea alba -> tent and stab (check for adhesions) avoid rectus muscle

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4
Q

Step 2 OVH?

A
  • Incise from umbilicus caudally
  • Locate ovary
  • Break suspensory lig
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5
Q

STEP 3?

A

Create a window with the broad ligament (caudal to vessels of pedicle and dorsal ovarian & uterine vessels)

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6
Q

Describe the three clamp technique

A

PlAce 2 or 3 clamps across pedcle as far below ovary as poss

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7
Q

PLACING 2 LIGATURES

A
  • Encircling ligature in crush of most dorsal clamp
  • 2nd encircling or transfixing b/w 1st and pair of clamps
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8
Q

Step 4?

A

Transect the pedicle between the two clamps

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9
Q

What to do after cutting pedicle?

A
  • Release clamp, check stump for bleeding, slowly release into abdomen
  • Follow uterine horn to the contralateral horn adn ovary
  • Traction cranially and ventrally, extend incision if needed
  • Duodenal manoeuvre
  • Repeat on second ovary
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10
Q

What to consider when breaking down the broad ligament?

A
  • Locate the utetine vessels
  • Tear, cut & clamp, encircling ligature +/- clamp
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11
Q

removing the uterine body - how?

A
  • 2 or 3 clamps to uterine body cranial to cervix
  • Transfix and ligate int he crush of the distal clamp
  • Transect between two remaining clamps
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12
Q

What to do before cloing abdomen?

A
  • Check all stumps
  • COUNT swabs
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13
Q

What 3 layers in closure?

A
  • Linea alba
    Subscut layer Skin closure
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14
Q

Describe linea alba closure

A

INCORPORTAE RECTUS ABDOMINIS M sheath -> wide bites, avoid fat/subcut tissues
=> Simple continuous or interrupted

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15
Q

What pattern for subcut?

A

Simple continuous

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16
Q

OVH in CAT

A

FLANK approach - 2cm below wing of illium - triangle (femur illum equilateral point)

17
Q

OVH in CAT pt 2

A
  • Remove small amount of fat bluntly
    Make small incision in external, internal, oblique, rectus abdominis
18
Q

How to locate uterine horn (cat)

A
  • sublumbar fat (yellow) lifted dorsally then gentle tractionto exteriorise left ovary (fenestrate broad lig)
19
Q

Clamps & ligation - Cat OVH

A

Clamp ( if poss) then double ligate and incise body - be CAREful with clamping body as friable

20
Q

Surgical complications of OVH ?

A
  • HAemorrhage (usually ovarian pedicles)
  • Urinary tract injuries
  • Ovarian remnent syndrome
  • Stump granuloma (catgut)
  • Iatrogenic pseudopreganncy
  • infection & dehisence
21
Q

What should you do for older fatty, pregnant or pyo animals?

A

Ligate the broad ligament

22
Q

Are ABs indicated for routine OVH?

A

NO

23
Q

What approach for pregnant or in-season cats?

A

Midline

24
Q

What is the most common cause of post op haemorrhage in OVH?

A

Slipped ligatures -> so leave enough tissue above the ligature

25
Q

Describre an open orchiectomy ?

A
    • liogations are direct, more secure
    • may be prefferabel in large dogs
    • opening of an extension of the peritoneal cavoty, risk of intestinal herniation
  • inc surgical time
26
Q

Describe Closed Orchiectomy

A
    • reduces operative time
    • inc chance of ligature slippage
27
Q

When should you do closed castrations?

A
  • Always with testicular neoplasia
  • Consider in dogs with pendulous scrotum
28
Q

When should you consider scrotal ablation?

A

in dogs with pendulous scrotum, large dogs, or with trauma

28
Q

Describe pre scrotal incisions

A

Quicker but inc haematoma and seroma formation

29
Q

What complications can occur with ohiectomy?

A
  • Scrotal bruising & swellin
  • Haemorrhage
  • Scotal haematoma
  • Infection
  • Self trauma
30
Q

T/F - for close castration you should stip away fat/ tissue prior to ligating cord

A

True

VMS 4001 (2 decks)

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