Neurological viruses Flashcards
what family of viruses are transmitted through arthropod vectors
togaviruses
flaviviruses
what are common resovoirs for diseases transmitted by arthropods
birds, small mammals
transmission requires _______ w/in the vector
replication
what is the family, genome, and virion for eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEE)
family - tagaviridae
genome - (+)ssRNA
virion - enveloped
of the 4 neurological viruses which has a genome of
(-)ssRNA
Rabies
what are the 4 neurological viruses ?
- eastern equine encephalitis (EEE)
- venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE)
- west nile virus
- rabies virus
what is the family, genome, and virion of venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE)
family - togaviridae
genome - (+)ssRNA
virion - enveloped
where does replication occur for EEE and VEE
cytoplasm of the host cell (RNA virus)
once EEE and VEE virus is introduced via the bite of an arthropod, the infected cells are distributed locally throughout the host via what cells
Langerhans cells
95 % of EEE and VEE virus cause what ?
the remaining 5 % causes ?
95% - viremia (rash and arthristis)
5% - encephalitis
How do you prevent and control the EEE and VEE viruses
live-attenuated TC-83 vaccine
are EEE and VEE prevalent in the US
Yes, eastern US cuz of migrating bird resovoirs
what is the incubation period for EEE and VEE ?
4-10 days
what is the incubation time of the west nile virus
2-14 days
for persons infected w/ west nile virus disease, what are the percentage breakdowns illnesses
80 % - asymptomatic infection
20 % - illness (fever/headache)
<1 % - neuroinvasive
How do you prevent and control west nile virus
- mosquito control strategies
- NO vaccine or treatment
is west nile virus prevalent in the US
Extremely common in US
what is the famile, genome, and virion of the rabies virus
family - rhabdoviridae
genome - (-)ssRNA
virion - enveloped
where does replication occur for the rabies virus
cytoplasm of the host cell
what neurological disorder frequently produces defective interferring particles
rabies virus
what is the incubation period of the rabies virus
1-3 months
what is the percentage of bites from a rabies resovoir that cause disease ?
what about if the bite is on the face/head ?
15 % cause disease
60 % if bit on face/head
what is the prevelance of rabies in the US
few cases, but very common in dogs in developing countries
how is the reabies virus spread and why does this make the incubation time variable
replicates locally untill finds neurons then passivley moves in axoplasm to the brain
what is the first symptoms of the rabies virus
hyrophobia - difficulty swallowing
cerebral dysfunction
what neurological disorder is almost always fatal
rabies virus
how do you prevent and control rabies virus
vaccine and post-exposure prophylaxis
-control by vaccinating dogs and domestic animals
how fast must you recieve treatment if you have been bitten by a rabies resovoir
4 days
