Neurological viruses Flashcards

1
Q

what family of viruses are transmitted through arthropod vectors

A

togaviruses

flaviviruses

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2
Q

what are common resovoirs for diseases transmitted by arthropods

A

birds, small mammals

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3
Q

transmission requires _______ w/in the vector

A

replication

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4
Q

what is the family, genome, and virion for eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEE)

A

family - tagaviridae
genome - (+)ssRNA
virion - enveloped

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5
Q

of the 4 neurological viruses which has a genome of

(-)ssRNA

A

Rabies

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6
Q

what are the 4 neurological viruses ?

A
  • eastern equine encephalitis (EEE)
  • venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE)
  • west nile virus
  • rabies virus
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7
Q

what is the family, genome, and virion of venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE)

A

family - togaviridae
genome - (+)ssRNA
virion - enveloped

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8
Q

where does replication occur for EEE and VEE

A

cytoplasm of the host cell (RNA virus)

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9
Q

once EEE and VEE virus is introduced via the bite of an arthropod, the infected cells are distributed locally throughout the host via what cells

A

Langerhans cells

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10
Q

95 % of EEE and VEE virus cause what ?

the remaining 5 % causes ?

A

95% - viremia (rash and arthristis)

5% - encephalitis

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11
Q

How do you prevent and control the EEE and VEE viruses

A

live-attenuated TC-83 vaccine

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12
Q

are EEE and VEE prevalent in the US

A

Yes, eastern US cuz of migrating bird resovoirs

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13
Q

what is the incubation period for EEE and VEE ?

A

4-10 days

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14
Q

what is the incubation time of the west nile virus

A

2-14 days

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15
Q

for persons infected w/ west nile virus disease, what are the percentage breakdowns illnesses

A

80 % - asymptomatic infection
20 % - illness (fever/headache)
<1 % - neuroinvasive

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16
Q

How do you prevent and control west nile virus

A
  • mosquito control strategies

- NO vaccine or treatment

17
Q

is west nile virus prevalent in the US

A

Extremely common in US

18
Q

what is the famile, genome, and virion of the rabies virus

A

family - rhabdoviridae
genome - (-)ssRNA
virion - enveloped

19
Q

where does replication occur for the rabies virus

A

cytoplasm of the host cell

20
Q

what neurological disorder frequently produces defective interferring particles

A

rabies virus

21
Q

what is the incubation period of the rabies virus

A

1-3 months

22
Q

what is the percentage of bites from a rabies resovoir that cause disease ?
what about if the bite is on the face/head ?

A

15 % cause disease

60 % if bit on face/head

23
Q

what is the prevelance of rabies in the US

A

few cases, but very common in dogs in developing countries

24
Q

how is the reabies virus spread and why does this make the incubation time variable

A

replicates locally untill finds neurons then passivley moves in axoplasm to the brain

25
Q

what is the first symptoms of the rabies virus

A

hyrophobia - difficulty swallowing

cerebral dysfunction

26
Q

what neurological disorder is almost always fatal

A

rabies virus

27
Q

how do you prevent and control rabies virus

A

vaccine and post-exposure prophylaxis

-control by vaccinating dogs and domestic animals

28
Q

how fast must you recieve treatment if you have been bitten by a rabies resovoir

A

4 days