Childhood viral diseases

Question 1

what is the family, genome, and virion for the measles virus biology

Answer 1

family - paramyxovirus
genome - (-)ssRNA
virion - enveloped

Question 2

where does replication and budding occur w/regards to location of the cell for the measles virus

Answer 2

• replication inside cell in cytoplasm

- budding occurs outside cell

Question 3

how does one become infected w/ the measles virus and how long is the incubation period

Answer 3

• inhalation of air droplets

- short 10-14 day incubation

Question 4

what is the specific name of the characteristic rash caused by the measles disease

Answer 4

Koplik spots

Question 5

what are 2 additional rare complications that can be associated with one who has been infected with measles

Answer 5

• Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM)

- Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE)

Question 6

what are the initial symptoms of the measles virus

Answer 6

2-3 days of fever and cough, then Koplik spots

Question 7

T/F measles is not contagious

Answer 7

F, measles is very contagioous Ro = 15-20

Question 8

why is the measles virus so ocntagious

Answer 8

cuz people are infectious 2-3 days prior to the rash so didnt know they even had it but still screwing other people

Question 9

how can you prevent measles

Answer 9

live attenuated vaccines providing lifelong immunity

Question 10

what is the family, genome, and virion of the respiratory syncytial virus biology

Answer 10

family - paramyxovirus
genome - (-)ssRNA
virion - enveloped

Question 11

where does replication occur and how is the virus released of the respiratory syncytial virus

Answer 11

replicates inside cell cytoplasm

released via bidding outside on cellular surface

Question 12

where does the respiratory syncytial virus infect

Answer 12

ciliated cells of the respiratory tract

Question 13

what is the most deadly of the childhood rash/fever illnesses

Answer 13

measles

Question 14

what are the symptoms of respiratory synccytial virus

Answer 14

4-5 day incubation w/upper respiratory tract infection followed by lower respiratory tract infection 1-3 days after
-recovery 7-12 days after initial symptoms

Question 15

what is the difference b/w measles and respiratory syncytial virus with regards to life long immunity

Answer 15

infection of measles yields life long immunity

infection of RSV does NOT

Question 16

what is problematic in the prevention of RSV

Answer 16

there is NO antiviral or vaccine

Question 17

what is the common name of the varicella zoster virus

Answer 17

Chicken Pox

Question 18

what is the family, genome, and virion of the varicella zoster virus biology

Answer 18

family - alphaherpesvirus
genome - dsDNA
virion - enveloped

Question 19

what are the requirements for replication of the varicella zoster virus

Answer 19

must be inside an active cell nucleus (cuz its DNA virus)

-ALL herpes virus require an active host cell’s machinery in order to replicate

Question 20

what are the symptoms of the varicella zoster virus

Answer 20

• infected via inhalation of droplets
• starts w/fever and malaise
• —> rash 1-2 days after —-> rash progresses to face scalp and trunk 3-6 days after

Question 21

what is the difference in the rash caused by chicken pox vs. smallpox

Answer 21

chicken pox affects face and trunk and does NOT extend to legs
–smallpox extends to legs

Question 22

how can you prevent chickenpox

Answer 22

live attenuated vaccine - lifelong immunity

Question 23

what is the family, genome, and virion of the poliovirus biology

Answer 23

family - picornavirus
genome - (+)ssRNA
virion - nonenveloped

Question 24

where does replication occur of the poliovirus

Answer 24

inside the cell cytoplasm of the host cell

Question 25

for the poliovirus, what serves as the mRNA template for translation to make proteins

Answer 25

the genome serves as template

-true for all (+)ssRNA virus

Question 26

where is the poliovirus most prevalent and why ?

Answer 26

endemic areas cuz infection is caused by eating/drinking comtaminated foods

Question 27

primary replication of the poliovirus occurs where at in the host ?

Answer 27

peyer’s patches of the small intestine

Question 28

what children virus can be associated with CNS involvement ? what does it cause

Answer 28

poliovirus (replication in gray matter)

-cause limb paralysis and respiratory paralysis

Question 29

how do you prevent poliovirus, and specifically what do we use in the US

Answer 29

Salk vaccine - killed virus
sabin vaccine - live attenuated
**US uses salk cuz cant revert to pathogenic form

Question 30

what is the family, genome, and virion of the rotavirus biology

Answer 30

family - reoviridae
genome - dsRNA
virion - nonenveopled

Question 31

where does replication occur for rotavirus

Answer 31

replication inside cell cytoplasm

Question 32

what viruses have virus particles with the potential to disrupt the cell membrane during replication ?

Answer 32

poliovirus

rotavirus

Question 33

which virus never completely exposes its genome during replication

Answer 33

rotavirus

Question 34

symptoms of rotavirus

Answer 34

2 days incubation w/vomiting and fever

—->diarhea 2-3 days after for 3-8 days

Question 35

how do you diagnose and prevent rotavirus

Answer 35

diagnose by antigens in stool

prevent via Rotateq or Rotarix vaccine

Question 36

what viruses have fusion proteins that cause synctia formation during replication

Answer 36

measles

RSV