Childhood viral diseases Flashcards
what is the family, genome, and virion for the measles virus biology
family - paramyxovirus
genome - (-)ssRNA
virion - enveloped
where does replication and budding occur w/regards to location of the cell for the measles virus
- replication inside cell in cytoplasm
- budding occurs outside cell
how does one become infected w/ the measles virus and how long is the incubation period
- inhalation of air droplets
- short 10-14 day incubation
what is the specific name of the characteristic rash caused by the measles disease
Koplik spots
what are 2 additional rare complications that can be associated with one who has been infected with measles
- Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM)
- Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE)
what are the initial symptoms of the measles virus
2-3 days of fever and cough, then Koplik spots
T/F measles is not contagious
F, measles is very contagioous Ro = 15-20
why is the measles virus so ocntagious
cuz people are infectious 2-3 days prior to the rash so didnt know they even had it but still screwing other people
how can you prevent measles
live attenuated vaccines providing lifelong immunity
what is the family, genome, and virion of the respiratory syncytial virus biology
family - paramyxovirus
genome - (-)ssRNA
virion - enveloped
where does replication occur and how is the virus released of the respiratory syncytial virus
replicates inside cell cytoplasm
released via bidding outside on cellular surface
where does the respiratory syncytial virus infect
ciliated cells of the respiratory tract
what is the most deadly of the childhood rash/fever illnesses
measles
what are the symptoms of respiratory synccytial virus
4-5 day incubation w/upper respiratory tract infection followed by lower respiratory tract infection 1-3 days after
-recovery 7-12 days after initial symptoms
what is the difference b/w measles and respiratory syncytial virus with regards to life long immunity
infection of measles yields life long immunity
infection of RSV does NOT
what is problematic in the prevention of RSV
there is NO antiviral or vaccine
what is the common name of the varicella zoster virus
Chicken Pox
what is the family, genome, and virion of the varicella zoster virus biology
family - alphaherpesvirus
genome - dsDNA
virion - enveloped
what are the requirements for replication of the varicella zoster virus
must be inside an active cell nucleus (cuz its DNA virus)
-ALL herpes virus require an active host cell’s machinery in order to replicate
what are the symptoms of the varicella zoster virus
- infected via inhalation of droplets
- starts w/fever and malaise
- —> rash 1-2 days after —-> rash progresses to face scalp and trunk 3-6 days after
what is the difference in the rash caused by chicken pox vs. smallpox
chicken pox affects face and trunk and does NOT extend to legs
–smallpox extends to legs
how can you prevent chickenpox
live attenuated vaccine - lifelong immunity
what is the family, genome, and virion of the poliovirus biology
family - picornavirus
genome - (+)ssRNA
virion - nonenveloped
where does replication occur of the poliovirus
inside the cell cytoplasm of the host cell
for the poliovirus, what serves as the mRNA template for translation to make proteins
the genome serves as template
-true for all (+)ssRNA virus
where is the poliovirus most prevalent and why ?
endemic areas cuz infection is caused by eating/drinking comtaminated foods
primary replication of the poliovirus occurs where at in the host ?
peyer’s patches of the small intestine
what children virus can be associated with CNS involvement ? what does it cause
poliovirus (replication in gray matter)
-cause limb paralysis and respiratory paralysis
how do you prevent poliovirus, and specifically what do we use in the US
Salk vaccine - killed virus
sabin vaccine - live attenuated
**US uses salk cuz cant revert to pathogenic form
what is the family, genome, and virion of the rotavirus biology
family - reoviridae
genome - dsRNA
virion - nonenveopled
where does replication occur for rotavirus
replication inside cell cytoplasm
what viruses have virus particles with the potential to disrupt the cell membrane during replication ?
poliovirus
rotavirus
which virus never completely exposes its genome during replication
rotavirus
symptoms of rotavirus
2 days incubation w/vomiting and fever
—->diarhea 2-3 days after for 3-8 days
how do you diagnose and prevent rotavirus
diagnose by antigens in stool
prevent via Rotateq or Rotarix vaccine
what viruses have fusion proteins that cause synctia formation during replication
measles
RSV
