Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PSYCH 377 > neurological disorders pt 2 > Flashcards

neurological disorders pt 2 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

where does pain occur in the brain during a headache

A

dura mater, veins and arteries, cranial and cervical nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what does pain result from in a headache

A

pressure, displacement, or inflammation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

muscle-contraction headaches

A

result from persistent contraction of the muscles of the scalp and neck due to stress

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

non-migranous vascular headaches

A

associated with dilation of the arteries, caused by fever, high altitude, eating disorder, food, chemicals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

migraines

A

very painful type of headache, affects 5-20% of population at least once in their life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

migraines are often __lateral and preceded by ____

A

uni (one sided), an aura or mood disturbance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

classic migraines

A

begin with aura caused by vasoconstriction of arteries to occipital lobe, depolarization spreads, headache occurs when blood flow returns to normal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

common migraines

A

no aura, affects 80% of people

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

cluster headaches

A

not a migraine per se, but they are unilateral and recur for days or weeks before disappearing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

why does swelling happen in most cases

A

immune system attacks foreign bacteria and the waste remains there, creating pus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

damage from an infection

A

originates from interfering with the blood supply, disrupting metabolism, altering neuronal membranes, forming pus, or causing swelling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

viral infection

A

an RNA or DNA genome invades host cells in order to replicate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

examples of viral infections

A

west nile, zika, covid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

bacterial infection

A

bacteria replicate by cell division

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

brain abcess

A

pocket of pus caused by bacteria that destroy the cells in the area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

mycotic infections

A

fungal infection, caused by mold, yeast or mushroom, very rare, but can happen to a persson after cancer or tuberculosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

malaria

A

parasitic infection, infects capillaries of the brain and causes hemorrhages

18
Q

treating infections is typically removing the infectious agent T/F

A

False, it’s typically about managing the symptoms, especially for viruses

but antibiotics are good for bacterial infections

19
Q

Myasthenia Grava

A

severe muscle weakness cause dby fatige after little activity or excercise, occurs at end of day and relieved by sleep, typically affecst women in their 30s

20
Q

multiple sclerosis

A

myelin is attacked and destroyed in motor and sensory tracts, caused by bacteria, virus, or antibodies, more common in women of the northern hemisphere

symptoms show up go away and come back

21
Q

hemiplegia

A
  • Loss of voluntary movement on one side of body and changes to some reflexes
    • Results from damage to cortex and basal ganglia contralateral to side of motor impairment
    • most cases are older people with high blood pressure
    • Normal people will flex toes down when stimulated bottom of foot, hemiplegia will extend their toes
22
Q

huntington disease

A

chorea (writhing and twisting), intellectual deterioration and personality changes, slowed information processing, impaired recent memory

23
Q

what is the cause of huntingtons

A

mutation in the huntingtin gene which results in a defective protein that accumulates in the indirect pathway of the basal ganglia, decreasing the inhibition of movement

23
Q

tourette syndrome

A

genetic aspect, tics, between 2 and 15 years, larger putamen and smaller thalamus with visuospatal differences

24
Q

3 progressive stages of symptomsin tourettes

A

tics of face limbs and body
tics are accomppanied by inarticulate cries
echolia and coprolalia join the party (repetition of others and inappropriate words)

25
Q

angioma

A

abnormal blood vessels that divert the flow of blood, causing abnormalities in blood flow and pattern

26
Q

aneurysm

A

elasticity of blood vessel walls are defective in one spot causing the vessel to balloon out and weaken

27
Q

cerebral vascular disorder

A

damage to blood vessels reducing or eliminating blood flow to a region, often occurring in the arteries due to high blood pressure

28
Q

what is a stroke

A

sudden appearance of neurological symptoms as a result of blood supply being interupted

29
Q

what is the infarct

A

region of the brain directly impacted by a stroke and characetrized by dead and dying cells

30
Q

3 types of cerebral vascular disorders

A

cerebral ischemia, migraine stroke, cerebral hemorrhage

31
Q

cerebral ischemia

A

blocked blood vessel preventing enough blood from reaching the brin

32
Q

thrombosis

A

cerebral ischemia, clot in the vessel that remains where it formed

33
Q

embolism

A

cerebral ischemia, clot that formed in a larger vessel and got stuck in a smaller one

34
Q

cerebral arteriosclerosis

A

cerebral ischemia, arteries thicken and harden restricting blood flow

35
Q

migraine stroke

A

blood flow interuppted by constriction of the blood vessel, cause of constriction unknown

36
Q

cerebral hemorrhage

A

failure of the blood vessel causing bleeding into brain, due to high blood pressure, trauma, or toxic chemicals

37
Q

treating cerebral vascular disorders

A

restore blood supply, drugs to block cell death, and surgery to support an aneurysm or remove blood

38
Q

positive symptoms of parkinsons

A
  • resting tremor
  • muscular rigidity
  • involuntary movements like change in posture
39
Q

negative symptoms of parkinsons

A

inability to maintain posture of body part, inability to stand up when laying down, difficulty walking, lack of tone in voice, akinesia (slowness of movement)

40
Q

causes of pakinsons

A

often ideopathic (unknown), damage of cells of substantia nigra, drug induced can be reversed or not, when dopamine levels drop belowe 90%, some genetics

41
Q

treatment of parkinsons

A

no cure, basically increasing dopamine levels again

PSYCH 377 (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions