lecture 22 Flashcards

learning and memory

1
Q

explicit memory

A

facts and events that we recall spontaneously and consciously

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2
Q

episodic memories

A

autobiographical memory for events as the individual experienced them

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3
Q

semnatic memories

A

facts and info without an autobiographical connection

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4
Q

implicit memories

A

motor skills that can be performed automatically

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5
Q

emotional memories include ____

A

affective properties of the stimulus

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6
Q

long term memory systems

A

explicit, implicit, emotional

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7
Q

short term memory systems

A

sensory, motor, cognitive

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8
Q

amnesia

A

loss of existing memories or inability to form new ones

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9
Q

T/F
amnesia requires an event to cause it

A

True

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10
Q

anterograde vs retrograde amnesia

A

anterograde - inability to form new
retrograde - loss of old

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11
Q

retrograde amnesia is ____-dependent, ____ events are more likely to be lost

A

time, recent

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12
Q

islands of memory

A

events retained within the period of retrograde amnesia

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13
Q

prospective memory

A

remembering things you intend to do

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14
Q

destination memory

A

memory for past interactions, like who you told a story to

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15
Q

childhood amnesia

A

inability to remember events before 4 years old, and difficulty recalling first 10

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16
Q

theories for infantile amnesia

A
  • developmental changes in cognitive abilities and memory systems in the first decade of life
  • the rapid proliferation of new hippocampal neurons early on might disrupt stored memories
17
Q

fugue state

A

when an individual loses memory of their personal history

18
Q

fugue states are often ____ and ____, due to damage where?

A

sudden, transient, memory systems of the medial temporal lobe

19
Q

T/F
amnesias can exist for specific categories of items

A

yes, like human faces, fruits and veggies, animals, or birds, etc

20
Q

autonoetic awareness of time is what and allows for what

A

the awareness of the continuum of time from our past to our future, allows mental time travel from our past to present to future

21
Q

autonoetic awarenss depends on what structures

A

hippocampus and frontal lobes and uncinate fasciculus

22
Q

where is the semantic memory active

A

temporal and frontal lobes distinct from episodic memory, esp left

23
Q

parts of the ____ stream supports explicit memory

24
Q

____ relays info from the prefrontal cortex to the temporal lobe so support what type of memory

A

thalamic nuclei, explicit memory

25
the ____ store memories when they are formed, older memories re stored in ____
hippocampus, adjacent cortex
26
early damage to the hipocampus results in what
big problems with episodic memory, but almost normal semantic memory
27
the rhinal cortex includes what and is part of what
the perihinal and entorhinal cortices, is part of the pathway for info flowing into hippocampus from the neocortex
28
medial temporal structures
hippocampus, amygdala, perihinal, entorhinal, and parahippocampal cortices
29
lesions to the hippocmapus in monkeys showed
impaired use of context, but normal object recognition
30
lesions to the rhinal cortex in monkeys showed
impaired object recognition