lecture 19 Flashcards
attention
3 networks of attention
alerting, orienting, executive
alerting network
arousal and sensitivity to stimuli, attentional capture
locations associated with alerting
locus coeruleus, frontal and parietal cortex, stimuli alerts the forebrain
neurotransmittier for alerting network
norepinephrine
orienting network
moving attention from place to place, motor control, prioritizes one sense over another or location in space
orienting neurotransmitter
acetylcholine
locations associated with orienting network
superior parietal, TPJ, frontal eye fields, superior colliculus, pulvinar
dorsal orienting network
right lateralized, top-down directing of attention towards a specific object
goal-oriented selective attention
ventral orienting network
syncs current activity with bottom-up incoming sensory info, reorienting
executive network
determine what you want to pay attention to, self control and regulation, task management
locations associated with executive network
anterior cingulate and insula, basal ganglia
executive network neurotransmitter
dopamine
exeuctive top-down processing networks (2)
dorsolateral-prefrontal-cortex-parietal network (dlPFCP)
and
anterior cingulate/medial-frontal-anterior insula network (aCI)
dlPFCP
active at beginning of task, starter, moment-to-moment task
aCI
remains active throughout task, finisher, task set maintenance in continuing and finishing a task
T/F
activity is correlated between the two executive networks
false, but activity in areas in a network are highly correlated
stress affects self control, regulation and ____
attentional tasks
cognition and emotions are controlled by activity from where
the lateral prefrontal and cingulate regions
alerting related disorders
Aging (sleep disorders), and ADHD
Orienting related disorders
autism (inability to disengage), PTSD, contralateral neglect (orienting to contralesional space)
executive network related disorders
anxiety, depression, OCD, personality disorders, schizophrenia, substance abuse
hypothesis of attention
neuronal synchrony, timing of action potentials have input from two neurons arriving at same target at same time, and summed to reach threshold for action potential
inattention blindness
failure to notice something while performing a task
change blindness
subjects routinely fail to notice small, unexpected changes in environment
change is not salient enough to alert to the stimuli
attentional blink
when paying attention to to something but we miss a second stimulus
early-stage filtering
integrated info theory
consciousness is made up of distinct experiences that are all unified ?
binding in consciousness
unifies arousal, perception, attention, and working memory
thought to sync activity in those networks for that relative time of the conscious experience
