Neurological Disorders Flashcards

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0
Q

Neglect is associated with damage to the ____

A

posterior parietal lobe

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1
Q

Neglect is a visual disorder defined by

A

the inability to process and perceive stimuli on one side of the body

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2
Q

Visual agnosia refers to the ….

A

inability to recognize objects, their pictorial representations or to draw/copy them

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3
Q

Visual agnosia was first described in the ___

A

1880s

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4
Q

Anasognosia…

A

Neglect that applies to the body- can manifest as denial of disability (as in right hand is paralyzed but the patient won’t recognize it)

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5
Q

Visual agnosia is caused by a lesion in the

A

lateral occipital cortex

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6
Q

Prosopagnosia refers to the

A

inability to recognize faces

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7
Q

Prosopagnosia was first recognized in ____

A

1947

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8
Q

Prosopagnosia results from bilateral damage to the ____

A

inferior temporal lobe

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9
Q

Face processing: The inferior occipital gyri is involved in the …..

A

early perception of facial features

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10
Q

The superior temporal sulcus is involved in ….

A

the changeable aspects of faces - perception of eye gaze, expression and lip movement

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11
Q

Lateral fusiform gyrus is involved in….

A

Invariant aspects of faces - perception of unique identity

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12
Q

Face recognition: Intraparietal sulcus is involved in…

A

Spatially directed attention

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13
Q

Facial recognition (STS): auditory cortex is involved in the….

A

prelexical speech perception

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14
Q

Facial recognition (STS): what three parts process emotion of faces?

A

The amygdala, insula, and limbic system

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15
Q

Facial recognition (LFG): The anterior temporal cortex

A

personal identity, name, and biographical information

16
Q

What is Capgras syndrome?

A

People believe friends and family have been replaced by imposters

17
Q

Madame M said she had 80 husbands. She had __ ___

A

Capras Syndrome

18
Q

Capgras syndrome results from impaired connections between the ____ and the ____

A

The visual areas of the temporal lobe (specifically the fusiform gyrus) and the amygdala

19
Q

Capgras syndrome is involved with which pathway?

A

The ventral “what” pathway

20
Q

Fregoli syndrome involves:

A

the delusion that a persecutor has adopted many disguises - distinct people represent a single person intent on harming them

21
Q

Confabulation is defined as

A

“honest lying”

22
Q

Confabulation is also associated with __

A

Korsakoff’s syndrome (can be permanent)

23
Q

Korsakoff’s syndrome is associated with dysfunction in the ____

A

prefrontal cortex (including the cingulate cortex)

24
Q

Anton-Babinski syndrome is a rare symptom of _____ in which ___

A

symptom of cortical blindness where patients fail to accept they are blind - involves confabulation; visual imagery is received but cannot be interpreted

25
Q

Foreign accent syndrome results from damage to

A

the left hemisphere of the brain - prerolandic motor cortex (BA 4), the frontal motor association cortex), and Broca’s area, or the striatum

26
Q

Wilson et al (2004) showed that listening to speech activates the same areas as

A

speech production