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Boards - Pathology > Neurological > Flashcards

Neurological Flashcards

1
Q

Folic acid deficiency in 1st trimester, faun’s beard and lumbar dimple

A

spina bifida

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2
Q

defective neural tube with herniation of meninges through the defect

A

meningocele

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3
Q

herniation of meninges and defective spinal cord through the defect

A

meningomyelocele

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4
Q

cerebellar tonsil herniation associated with syringomyelia

A

Arnold-Chiari malformaiton 1

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5
Q

cerebellar vermis herniation associated with hydrocephalus

A

Arnold-Chiari malformaiton 2

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6
Q

cystic dilation of 4th ventricle and non-communicating hydrocephalus

A

Dandy Walker syndrome

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7
Q

torn meningeal artery, head trauma in young adults

A

epidural hematoma

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8
Q

torn bridging vein, head trauma in the elderly

A

subdural hematoma

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9
Q

ruptured berry aneurysm in 30-40 year old adults

A

subarachnoid hemorrhage

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10
Q

ruptured or occluded cerebral artery seen in older people

A

cerebrovascular accident

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11
Q

bacterial or viral infection of the meninges

A

meningitis

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12
Q

prion-related disease spread by eating the brains of dead relatives

A

Kuru

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13
Q

transplacental spread with notches incisors, blindness and deafness

A

congenital syphyilis

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14
Q

damage due to endarteritis obliterans of arteries to CNS and CVS

A

tertiary syphyilis

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15
Q

neurofibrillary tangles, amyloid plaques and Hirano bodies

A

Alzheimer’s disease

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16
Q

deficient dopamine, Lewy bodies, tremors at rest, festinating gait

A

Parkinson’s

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17
Q

autosomal dominant chromosome 4 defect causing chorea, dementia

A

Huntington’s disease

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18
Q

destruction of the lateral columns and ventral horns of the spinal cord

A

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)

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19
Q

autoimmune destruction around the brain ventricles and spinal cord

A

multiple sclerosis

20
Q

damage to dorsal and lateral columns of the spinal cord, vitamin B12 def

A

posterolateral sclerosis

21
Q

m/c primary malignant brain tumor, worse prognosis

A

glioblastoma multiforme

22
Q

benign tumor arising from the arachnoid cells of the dura

A

meningioma

23
Q

may be part of type 2 neurofibromatosis, deafness and facial palsy

A

acoustic neuroma

24
Q

metastatic brain tumor sources

A

breast, renal, enteric, airway, skin and tumors elsewhere

25
Q

microcephaly, indistinct philtrum and maxillary hypoplasia

A

fetal alcohol poisoning

26
Q

anemia, basophilic stippling, constipation, difficult behavior, emesis

A

lead poisoning

27
Q

cherry red skin and headaches after inhalation of carbon monoxide

A

carbon monoxide poisoning

28
Q

mercury poisoning due to eating fish with excess mercury

A

minamata disease

29
Q

traction injury of C5 and C6 spinal nerve roots, waiter’s tip

A

Erb-Duchene’s palsy

30
Q

traction injury of C8 and T1 spinal nerve roots, claw hand

A

Klumpke’s palsy

31
Q

neuropraxia of median nerve, paresthesia in radial 3 and 1/2 digits

A

carpal tunnel syndrome

32
Q

neuropraxia of median nerve between the heads of pronator teres

A

pronator teres syndrome

33
Q

neuropraxia of ulnar nerve behind the medial humeral epicondyle

A

elbow tunnel syndrome

34
Q

neuropraxia of the superficial radial nerve at the wrist

A

cheiralgia paresthetica

35
Q

neuropraxia of the lateral femoral cutaneous nerve

A

meralgia paresthetica

36
Q

neuropraxia of the saphenous nerve at the knee

A

gonalgia paresthetica

37
Q

neuropraxia of the tibial nerve behind the medial malleolus

A

tarsal tunnel syndrome

38
Q

anterograde destruction of axon and sheath

A

Wallerian degen

39
Q

lead poisoning, aka

A

plumbism

40
Q

glove and stocking paresthesia

A

DM

41
Q

loves cool areas like skin and peripheral nerves

A

mycobacterium leprae

42
Q

infectious ascending demylelinating polyneuropathy

A

Guillian-Barre synd

43
Q

type 1 Complex Regional Pain Synd

A

Sudecks atropy

44
Q

type 2 Complex Regional Pain Synd

A

causalgia

45
Q

multiple neurofibromas in skin, spinal cord, and brain with cafe au lait skin lesions

A

Von Recklinhausen’s disease

46
Q

progressive spinocerebellar tract damage, ataxia, scoliosis, speech, and heart problems

A

Friedreich’s ataxia

Boards - Pathology (15 decks)

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