Neurocritical Care Flashcards
GBS/AIDP - which tx to NOT use
STEROIDS!
Malignant hyperthermia
only tx = DANTROLENE
NMS - induced by ANTIPSYCHOTICS
tx= DANTROLENE OR BROMOCRIPTINE
vasogenic edema
extracellular edema. BBB damage. eg brain tumor
cytotoxic edeam
intracelluar edema
a/w cellular membrane damage aka na/k pump
eg ischemia
plateau waves/ Lundberg A waves
increased intracranial pressure
crescentic hematoma
subdural hematoma. rupture of the bridging veins
biconvex hematam
epidural hematoma. rupture of the MMA
angular acceleration and shear injury
diffuse axonal injury
CSF w/ xanthochromia
SAH
neurologic worsening in SAH w/ unsecured aneurysm
suspect rebleeding
neurologic worsening in SAH w/ secured aneurysm and b/w 3-15 days
suspect vasospasm
hydrocephalus w/ IVH
consider EVD if ICP needs to be monitored or treated
pinpoint pupils, apneustic breathing pattern
pontine lesion
ataxic breathing pattern
medullary lesion
decorticate posture
lesion above the red nucleus
decerebrate posture
lesions b/w red nucleus and the vestibular nucleus
petechial hemorrhages in the brain after trauma w/ bone fractures
fat embolism
brain injury and anisocoria
uncal herniation
state of patholofically reduced consciousness from which patient can be aroused to purposeful response only with external stimulation
stupor
deep sleep - cannot be aroused, mmay grimace or have stereotyped movements but does not localize to the stimulus
coma
awake and conscious but quadriplegic, paralysis of lower cranial nerves and horizontal gaze. preserved vertical gaze and blinking
locked in state
previously comatose, but w/ return of the sleep wake cycles. lack cogntive fxn
unresponsive wakefulness
alteration of consciousness w/ poor attn and fluctuation
delirium
