Cranial Nerves & Neuro-ophthalmology Flashcards
central nystagmus
nonfatiguing, absent latency, not supressed by visual fixation, duration of nystagmus > 1 minutes, any direction, but purely torsional or vertical direction is classically central in origin
central vertigo
subjectively less severe vertigo than peripheral, more prominent gait impairment, other neurologic signs coexist, absent hearing changes and tinnitus
peripheral nystagmus
fatigable, latency present, suppression by visual fixation, duration of nystagmus < 1 minute, direction is unidirectional and usually horizontal with torsional component
peripheral vertigo
subjectively more severe, walking typically preserved, hearing changes and tinnitus common
taste anterior two-thirds of tongue
facial nerve (CN VII)
tactile sensation anterior two-thirds of tongue
Trigeminal nerve (CN V)
Taste posterior one-third of tonuge
Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)
parasympathetic source to head and neck
superior salvatory nucleus
motor nuclei to pharyndeal and laryngeal muscles
nucleus ambiguus
provides innervation to the parotid gland by glossopharyngeal nerve
inferior salivatory nucleus
nuclei for tast sensation
rostral nucleus solitarius
nuclei for baroreceptor reflex
caudal nuclus solitarius
nuclei for parasympathetic output to chest, thorax, and GI tract
dorsal motor nucleus of vagus
corneal reflex
afferent = trigeminal nerve (5)
efferent = facial nerve (7)
gag reflex
afferent = glossopharyngeal nerve (9)
efferent = vagus nerve (10)