neuroanatomy review pt 1

Question 1

3 basic functions of brain

Answer 1

1. create ssensory realitiy
2. integrate information
3. produce behavior

Question 2

what is special about midbrain- diecenphalic junction (orientation)

Answer 2

shift in orientation 90 degrees, dorsal becomes rostral, ventral becomes caudal

Question 3

3 planes of section

Answer 3

horizontal
coronal
sagittal

Question 4

3 coverings of the brain

Answer 4

dura mater
arachnoid membrane
pia mater

Question 5

white matter

Answer 5

areas of the NS rich in fat sheathed neural axons (outer of spinal cord and inner of brain)

Question 6

gray matter

Answer 6

areas of the NS predominantely composed of cell bodies and blood vessels (inside of spinal cord, outer of brain)

Question 7

2 major sulcus

Answer 7

central sulcus- rolandic fissure

lateral sulcus- sylvian fissure

Question 8

Broadmanns map

Answer 8

distribution of cell types

Question 9

broadmans areas motor:

Answer 9

primary - 4
secondary - 6
eye movement - 8
speech - 44 (BROCAS)
teriary- 9, 10, 11, 45, 46 47

Question 10

broadmanns vision

Answer 10

primary- 17

secondary- 18, 19, 20, 21, 37

Question 11

broadmanns audition

Answer 11

primary- 41

seocndary- 22 (WERNICKES), 42

Question 12

broadmanns sensation

Answer 12

priamry - 1,2,3,
secondary - 5,7
teriary- 7, 22, 37, 39, 40

Question 13

anterior circulation

Answer 13

aorta –> common carotid artery –> 1. internal corotid–> brain OR 2. external cortid artery

Question 14

posterior circulation

Answer 14

aorta–> subclavian arteries–> vertebral arteries–> brain

Question 15

anterior cerebral artery

Answer 15

irrigates the frontal lobe and anteiror parietal lobe

- pericallosal artery (around CC) and callosomarginal artery (past CC)

Question 16

posterior cerebral artery

Answer 16

irrigates inferior & medial temporal lobe, occipital lobe

Question 17

medial cerebral artery

Answer 17

superior- lateral frontal lobe
inferior- lateral temporal, parts of parietal
- follows sylvian fissure in 2 directions

Question 18

circle of wills

Answer 18

anterior, middle and posterior arteries connect

- forms a circle

Question 19

lenticulostriate arteries

Answer 19

deeper irrigation systems:
anterior choroidal artery: GP, putamen, internal capsule, thalamus
Recurrent artery of Heubner: caudate, putamen, GP, internal capsule
lentioculostraite

Question 20

venous drainage

Answer 20

superficial veins: superior sagittal sinus (frontal/parietal) and cavernous sunus(temporal)
Deep veins: Great vein of Galen
internal jugular vein (paralell to carotid)

Question 21

four ventricles

Answer 21

two lateral: one in each hemisphere
third ventricle: within diencephalon by hypo/thalamus
fourth ventricle: hindbrain, pons medula and cerebellum

Question 22

choroid plexus

Answer 22

vascular structure in lateral ventricles that produces CSF

Question 23

CSF circulation

Answer 23

lateral ventricles –> third –> fourth –> subarachnoid space–> blood stream