agnosia/apraxia 2 Flashcards
prosopagnosia
face blindness: acquired or developemnetal inability to recognize previously familiar faces
- attention to details to compensate
- bilateral or R messial occipiotemporal region
- visual limbic disconnection syndrome
5 subdivisions of parietal cortex
postcentral: 1,2,3 superior parietal: 5,7 parietal operculum: 43 inferior: supramarginal: 40 angular gyrus: 39
2 functional zones of parietal lobes
anterior: somatosensory cortex- 1,2,3,43
posterior: remaining areas
von economo: posterior parietal areas E,F,G
dorsal stream of visual processing
intraparietal sulcus (cIPS and LIP)
- saccadic eye movements to search for stimuli
parietal reach region (PRR)
- visual guided grapsing movements
cxns of parietal cortex
- posterior parietal cortex and prefrontal cortex
- project to same areas as paralimbic and temporal corticies and hippocampus
- spatially guided behavior
theory of parietal lobe functions
anterior- somatic sensations and perceptions
posterior- integrate info from vision with somatosensory info for movement and spaital function
what symptoms of parietal lobe damage do not fit with visuomotor view
- difficulties with arithmitic (acalculia)
- difficulties with aspects of language
- difficulties with movement sequences
lesions to postcentral gyrus
somatosensory symptoms:
- abnormally high sensory threshold
- imparired position sense
- deficits in stereognosis or tactile perception
- afferent paresis: not getting feedback so clumsy movement
astereognosis
disorder of tactile perception
- inability to recognize nature of object by touch
- lesion to post central gyrus
simultaneous stiimulation
2 stimuli applied simultaneously to opposite sites of body
- failure to report stimulus on one side (extinction)
- associated with damage to PE and PF
numb touch
cannot feel stimuli or touch but can report location
- large lesions in areas PE and PF and some PG
asomatognosia
loss of sense of ones own body
anosognosia
unaware or denial of illness
anosodiaphoria
indifference ot illness
asymbolia for pain
abscence of normal reactions to pain such as withdrawl
autopagnosia
left parietal cortex lesions: finger agnosia
balint syndrome
posterior parietal lobe damage
- could not fixate on visual stimulus, would deviate to right
- neglect of objects (simultagnosia)
- optic ataxia: deficits in reaching
contralateral neglect
right parietal lesion symptom
- neglect for visual, auditory and somesthetic stimulation on one side of body or space
- construcitonal apraxia: impared in combining blocks to form designs
- impaired in drawing and cutting
topographic disability: cannot draw maps from memory
2 theories of contralateral neglect
- neglect caused by defective sensation or perception
- lesion in arae that receives input from sensory regions
- right hemisphere has role in spatial info - neglect caused by defective attention or orientation
- when you bring awareness to side they may be able to see it
neglect paralexia
patient can only see 1/2 of words: cow boy
neglect paragraphia
person writes on one side of page or makes mistakes on contralateral side b/c not monitering other side
hypothetical neglectapraxia
cognitive motor disorder that entails the loss or impairment of the ability to program motor systems to perform purposeful skilled movements
buccofacial/oral apraxia
difficulty performing learned voluntary movements with muscles of the face, lips, tongue, cheeks and larynx on command
- frontotemporal lesions (front/central opercula and anterior part of insula)
limb-kinetic apraxai
impaired fine precise movements with contralateral libm
- evident in rapid distal finger movement
- often contralateral R hand
ideomotor apraxia
normal dexterities, but common errors
- perservative, sequencing, spatial, orientation/movement and timing errors
ideational apraxia
inability to carry out a series of acts and ideational plan
conceptual apraxia
content errors are commonly observed
ex. using a tool as if it were another tool
non-dtraditional apraxias
constructional apraxia- drawing or 3D
dressing apraxia- unable to sequence dressing
