agnosia/apraxia 2

Question 1

prosopagnosia

Answer 1

face blindness: acquired or developemnetal inability to recognize previously familiar faces

• attention to details to compensate
• bilateral or R messial occipiotemporal region
• visual limbic disconnection syndrome

Question 2

5 subdivisions of parietal cortex

Answer 2

postcentral: 1,2,3
superior parietal: 5,7
parietal operculum: 43
inferior:
supramarginal: 40
angular gyrus: 39

Question 3

2 functional zones of parietal lobes

Answer 3

anterior: somatosensory cortex- 1,2,3,43
posterior: remaining areas
von economo: posterior parietal areas E,F,G

Question 4

dorsal stream of visual processing

Answer 4

intraparietal sulcus (cIPS and LIP)
- saccadic eye movements to search for stimuli
parietal reach region (PRR)
- visual guided grapsing movements

Question 5

cxns of parietal cortex

Answer 5

• posterior parietal cortex and prefrontal cortex
• project to same areas as paralimbic and temporal corticies and hippocampus
• spatially guided behavior

Question 6

theory of parietal lobe functions

Answer 6

anterior- somatic sensations and perceptions

posterior- integrate info from vision with somatosensory info for movement and spaital function

Question 7

what symptoms of parietal lobe damage do not fit with visuomotor view

Answer 7

• difficulties with arithmitic (acalculia)
• difficulties with aspects of language
• difficulties with movement sequences

Question 8

lesions to postcentral gyrus

Answer 8

somatosensory symptoms:

• abnormally high sensory threshold
• imparired position sense
• deficits in stereognosis or tactile perception
• afferent paresis: not getting feedback so clumsy movement

Question 9

astereognosis

Answer 9

disorder of tactile perception

• inability to recognize nature of object by touch
• lesion to post central gyrus

Question 10

simultaneous stiimulation

Answer 10

2 stimuli applied simultaneously to opposite sites of body

• failure to report stimulus on one side (extinction)
• associated with damage to PE and PF

Question 11

numb touch

Answer 11

cannot feel stimuli or touch but can report location

- large lesions in areas PE and PF and some PG

Question 12

asomatognosia

Answer 12

loss of sense of ones own body

Question 13

anosognosia

Answer 13

unaware or denial of illness

Question 14

anosodiaphoria

Answer 14

indifference ot illness

Question 15

asymbolia for pain

Answer 15

abscence of normal reactions to pain such as withdrawl

Question 16

autopagnosia

Answer 16

left parietal cortex lesions: finger agnosia

Question 17

balint syndrome

Answer 17

posterior parietal lobe damage

• could not fixate on visual stimulus, would deviate to right
• neglect of objects (simultagnosia)
• optic ataxia: deficits in reaching

Question 18

contralateral neglect

Answer 18

right parietal lesion symptom
- neglect for visual, auditory and somesthetic stimulation on one side of body or space
- construcitonal apraxia: impared in combining blocks to form designs
- impaired in drawing and cutting
topographic disability: cannot draw maps from memory

Question 19

2 theories of contralateral neglect

Answer 19

1. neglect caused by defective sensation or perception
   - lesion in arae that receives input from sensory regions
   - right hemisphere has role in spatial info
2. neglect caused by defective attention or orientation
   - when you bring awareness to side they may be able to see it

Question 20

neglect paralexia

Answer 20

patient can only see 1/2 of words: cow boy

Question 21

neglect paragraphia

Answer 21

person writes on one side of page or makes mistakes on contralateral side b/c not monitering other side

Question 22

hypothetical neglectapraxia

Answer 22

cognitive motor disorder that entails the loss or impairment of the ability to program motor systems to perform purposeful skilled movements

Question 23

buccofacial/oral apraxia

Answer 23

difficulty performing learned voluntary movements with muscles of the face, lips, tongue, cheeks and larynx on command
- frontotemporal lesions (front/central opercula and anterior part of insula)

Question 24

limb-kinetic apraxai

Answer 24

impaired fine precise movements with contralateral libm

• evident in rapid distal finger movement
• often contralateral R hand

Question 25

ideomotor apraxia

Answer 25

normal dexterities, but common errors

- perservative, sequencing, spatial, orientation/movement and timing errors

Question 26

ideational apraxia

Answer 26

inability to carry out a series of acts and ideational plan

Question 27

conceptual apraxia

Answer 27

content errors are commonly observed

ex. using a tool as if it were another tool

Question 28

non-dtraditional apraxias

Answer 28

constructional apraxia- drawing or 3D

dressing apraxia- unable to sequence dressing