Neuroanatomy Lecture 1: Cells and Tissues of the Nervous System Flashcards
2 types of efferent control
autonomic- sympathetic and parasympathetic
somatic motor- voluntary
what are glial cells
Non-excitable supporting cells
what are the gold and purple cells
gold = neurons
purple = glial cells
what is the nucleus made of in neuron cell body
loose chromatin
name for rough ER in neuron
nissel bodies
name for cytoplasm in neuron cell body and axon
cell body = perikaryon
axon = axoplasm.
do neurons devide
no they’re Amitotic
what type of neuron is this
where is it found
multipolar
interneuron
motor neuron
what type of neuron is this
where is it found
bipolar
olfactory mucosa
retinal nerve fibres
i.e cranial nerves 1 and 2
what type of neuron is this
where is it found
pseudounipolar
sensory neurons
Where does the cell body of the multipolar neuron lie?
in CNS- brain to spine
whats the body of pseudounipolar nerves
spinal root ganglion
what forms the myelin sheath in PNS and CNS
◼Schwann cells in PNS
◼Oligodendrocytes in CNS
name for gaps in myelin sheath
nodes of ranvier
what is white and grey matter made of
white = myelinated axons- myelin is fatty so appears white
grey = neuronal cell bodies
whats the blue and green areas
blue = grey matter
green = white matter
whats the black and yellow bits
black = neuron cell bodies
yellow = axons
what are the purple and yellow impulses going to
purple = the back
yellow = front of body
what are thr red, orange and blue bits
red = ventral root- so motor
orange = ventral rami- where motor goes to front of body
blue = dorsal rami- where motor goes to back of body
name for a collection of neuronal cell bodies inside and outside CNS
inside = nuclei in brain or grey matter in spine
outside = ganglion
sensory vs motor synapse postition
sensory synapses near brain
motor synapses near muscle
in the PNS what do satellite cells do
surround neuron cell bodies
in CNS wat do ependymal cells do
line ventricals and central canal of spinal cord
in CNS what to astrocytes do x2
surround synapses and capillaries using foot processes
- maintain BBB
help in K+ buffering
what does phagocytosis and scar tissue formation in CNS
microglia- instead of WBCs
3 things that maintain the BBB
- tight junctions in epithelium
- thick basal lamina
- foot processes of astrocytes
what substances can pass more easliy through the BBB X3
what does this mean for drugs
lipid, O2, H20
need to be lipid soluble or have suitable vectors
what molecules need pumped past BBB x2
glucose
amino acids
what are the red and purple things
red = falx cerebri
purple = tentorium cereBELLI
what does the interventricular foramen do
connects the lateral and 3rd ventrical
name the 3 mininges seen
purple = dural
green = arachnoid
pink = pia
what space contains CSF
subarachnoid
what memninge is vascularised
pia
what does the subdural space contain
potential space
traversed by blood vessels penetrating into the CNS
where is CSF present
ventricals and subarachnoid space
where is CSF formed
choriod plexus
where is CSF absorbed
by arachnoid villi into the saggital sinus
how does CSF circulate
goes through the ventricles into 4th
where it enters into subarachnoid through 3 holes in the roof
