Neuroanatomy Flashcards
Function of the frontal lobe (5)
Concentration Elaboration of Thought Judgement Inhibition Personality
Function of the temporal lobe (3)
Auditory receptor area
Receptive Speech
Memory/information retrieval
Difference between Broca’s and Wernicke’s area
Wernicke’s area = comprehending speech
Broca’s area = development of speech
Broca’s Aphasia
Struggle to find the words
Can understand speech
Wernicke’s Aphasia
Cannot understand speech
Speak gibberish
Sensory Tracts
Dorsal Column (fasciculus cuneatus and gracilis) Spinothalamic Tract
Modalities in Dorsal Column
Side
Proprioception
Fine Touch
Vibration
Ipsilateral
Fasciculus cuneatus supplies
Upper limb, upper trunk
Fasciculus gracilis supplies
Lower limb, lower trunk
Modalities in Spinothalamic Tract
Side
Pain
Temperature
Deep Pressure
Contralateral
Motor Tracts
Corticospinal (anterior and lateral) Reticulospinal (lateral and medial) Rubrospinal Tectospinal Vestibulospinal
Anterior vs Lateral Corticospinal Tract
Anterior - isilateral, decussate in the spinal cord
Lateral - contralateral, decussate in the medulla
Modality in the Corticospinal Tract
Fine Precise Movement
Lateral vs Medial Reticulospinal Tract
Medial - originates in the pons
Lateral - originates in the medulla
Modality in Lateral Reticulospinal Tract
Inhibits voluntary movements
Decreases tone
Modality in Medial Reticulospinal Tract
Facilitates voluntary movements
Increases tone
Foramen between lateral and 3rd ventricle
Interventricular foramen
Foramen of Munro
Foramen of Munro
Between lateral and 3rd
Between 3rd and 4th ventricle
Cerebral Aqueduct
Aqueduct of Sylvius
Between 4th ventricle and sub-arachnoid space
Lateral apperture (of Luschka)
Location of somatomotor cortex
Pre-central gyrus
Location of somatosensory cortex
Post-central gyrus
Function of parietal lobe (3)
Sensory discrimination
Sensation
Orientation
Function of occipital lobe (2)
Vision
Colour perception
Signs of CNS lesion
Increased tone Contralateral weakness Increased reflexes Extensor plantars/positive Babinski Hemisensory loss
Signs of Peripheral Nerve lesion
Distal wasting Decreased tone Distal weakness Decreased reflexes Flexor plantars Glove and stocking sensory loss
MCA Stroke Syndrome
Contralateral hemiparesis
Contralateral sensory loss
Contralateral homonymous hemianopia
May see aphasia
ACA Stroke Syndrome
Contralateral hemiparesis
Contralateral sensory loss
PCA Stroke Syndromes
Occipital Lobe
Contralateral homonymous hemianopia
Brainstem Stroke Syndromes Principle
See crossed sensory and motor findings
Ipsilateral face and contralateral body
