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Anatomy and Physiology > Neuroanatomy > Flashcards

Neuroanatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Where does the spinothalamic tract decussate?

A

Ventral white commissure of the spinal cord at the level of the dorsal horn

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2
Q

What sensations are transmitted through the spinothalamic tract? (anterior and lateral)

A

Anterior - crude touch, pressure

Lateral - pain, temperature

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3
Q

Which spinal roots carry sensations through the fasciculus cuneatus and gracilis?

A

Cuneatus - Above T6

Gracilis - T6 and below

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4
Q

Which sensations are transmitted through the dorsal columns?

A

Vibration

Fine touch

Conscious proprioception (complex motor tasks)

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5
Q

Where do the dorsal columns decussate?

A

Medulla

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6
Q

What is the function of the corticospinal tract? Anterior and lateral

A

Anterior - postural movements

Lateral - fine movements of the distal limbs

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7
Q

Where does the corticospinal tract decussate? Anterior and lateral

A

Anterior - spinal cord

Lateral - medullary pyramids

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8
Q

Which corticobulbar tracts innervate the cranial nerves contralaterally rather than bilaterally?

A

VII, XII

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9
Q

What is the dermatome of the male breast?

A

T4

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10
Q

What is the dermatome of the umbilicus?

A

T10

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11
Q

What is the dermatome of the groin?

A

L1

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12
Q

What is the dermatome of the big toe?

A

L4

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13
Q

What is the dermatome of the sole of the foot?

A

L5

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14
Q

What is the dermatome of the middle finger?

A

C7

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15
Q

What are the four medial structures in the brainstem?

A
  1. Motor pathway (corticospinal tract)
  2. Medial leminiscus (vibration and proprioception)
  3. Medial longitudinal fasciculus (ipsilateral internuclear opthalmoplegia)
  4. Motor nucleus and nerve (3, 4, 6, 12)
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16
Q

What are the four lateral (side) structures in the brainstem?

A
  1. Spinocerebellar pathways (ataxia)
  2. Spinothalamic pathway (pain and temperature)
  3. Sensory nucleus of the 5th cranial nerve
  4. Sympathetic
17
Q

What structures are passed through when giving spinal anaesthesia?

A
  1. Skin
  2. Subcutaneous tissue
  3. Supraspinal ligament
  4. Interspinal ligament
  5. Ligamentum flavum
  6. Epidural space
  7. Dura mater
  8. Arachnoid mater
  9. Subarachnoid space
18
Q

What is the supraspinal ligament? What structures does it connect?

A

Connects the apices of the spinous processes along the vertebral column

19
Q

What are the interspinous ligaments? What structures do they connect?

A

Connect spinous processes of the vertebrae

20
Q

What is the ligamentum flavum? What structures does it connect?

A

Connects the laminae of adjacent vertebrae

21
Q

Which nerve roots form the cervical plexus?

A

C1-C4

22
Q

Which nerve roots form the brachial plexus?

A

C6-T1

23
Q

Which nerve roots form the lumbrosacral plexus?

A

L2-S1

Anatomy and Physiology (14 decks)

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