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Anatomy and Physiology > Cardiothoracic > Flashcards

Cardiothoracic Flashcards

1
Q

Which muscle is innervated by the thoracodorsal nerve?

A

Latissimus dorsi

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2
Q

What are the superficial muscles of the back?

A
  1. Trapezius
  2. Latissimus dorsi
  3. Levator scapulae
  4. Rhomboid minor and major
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3
Q

What are the three actions of the trapezius on the scapula?

A
  1. Elevates
  2. Retracts
  3. Rotates
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4
Q

What are the three actions of the latissimus dorsi on the humerus?

A
  1. Extension
  2. Adduction
  3. Medial/internal rotation
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5
Q

What is the function of the levator scapulae?

A

Elevation of the scapula

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6
Q

What are the two actions of the rhomboids?

A
  1. Retraction of the scapula
  2. Rotation of the scapula
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7
Q

What is the innervation of the rhomboids?

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

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8
Q

What is the innervation of the levator scapulae?

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

+ C3-C4

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9
Q

What are the 3 muscles of the pectoral region?

A
  1. Pectoralis major
  2. Pectoralis minor
  3. Serratus anterior
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10
Q

What is the function of the pectoralis major?

A

Adduction and medial rotation of the humerus

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11
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the pectoralis major?

A

Origin: clavicular and sternal head

Insertion: lateral lip of the bicipital groove of the humerus

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12
Q

What is the function of the pectoralis minor?

A

Stabilisation of the scapula

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13
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the pectoralis minor?

A

Origin: ribs 3-5

Insertion: coracoid process

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14
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the serratus anterior?

A

Origin: lateral part of ribs 1-8

Insertion: anterior surface of the medial border of the scapula

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15
Q

Why does tripoding aid breathing?

A

When the scapula is stabilised, the pectoralis minor elevates the ribs with respiration

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16
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the trapezius?

A

Origin: skull, nuchal ligament and spinous process of C7-T12

Insertion: lateral clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula

17
Q

What are the origins and insertions of the latissimus dorsi?

A

Origin: T6-T12, iliac crest

Insertion: bicipital groove of the humerus

18
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the levator scapulae

A

Origin: transverse processes C1-C4

Insertion: superior medial margin of the scapula

19
Q

What is the origin and insertion of the rhomboids?

A

Origin: spinous process C6-T4

Insertion: medial border of scapula

20
Q

Which part(s) of the heart does the left circumflex artery supply?

A

Left atrium and ventricle

21
Q

Which part(s) of the heart does the left anterior descending artery supply?

A

Right ventricle

Left ventricle

Anterior 2/3 of the interventricular septum

22
Q

Which part(s) of the heart does the left marginal artery supply?

A

Left ventricle

23
Q

Which part(s) of the heart does the right marginal artery supply?

A

Right ventricle and apex

24
Q

Which part(s) of the heart does the right coronary artery supply?

A

Right atrium and ventricle

SA and AV nodes

25
Q

Which part(s) of the heart does the posterior interventricular artery supply?

A

Right and left ventricles

Posterior 1/3 of the interventricular septum

26
Q

Which type of ß-adrenoreceptors are present in the lungs/heart?

A

Heart - 1

Lungs - 2

One heart, two lungs

27
Q

What are the branches of the ascending aorta?

A

Right and left coronary arteries

28
Q

What are the branches of the aortic arch?

A
  1. Brachiocephalic trunk
  2. Left common carotid
  3. Left subclavian artery
30
Q

Where does the abdominal aorta span?

A

T12 - L4

31
Q

What are the anterior visceral branches of the abdominal aorta?

A

Coelic, SMA, IMA

32
Q

What are the lateral visceral branches of the abdominal aorta?

A

Suprarenal

Renal

Gonadal

All paired

33
Q

What are the lateral abdominal wall branches of the abdominal aorta?

A

Inferior phrenic

Four lumbar

All paired

34
Q

What are the terminal branches of the abdominal aorta?

A

Left and right common iliac arteries

Median sacral artery

36
Q

Where does the thoracic aorta span?

A

T4 - T12

The aortic arch to the aortic hiatus in the diaphragm

Anatomy and Physiology (14 decks)

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