Neuroanatomy Flashcards
1
Q
The \_\_\_\_\_\_ is the largest "hole" in the skull. A. Foramen of Munro B. Foramen magnum C. Foramen magendie D. Foramen of medulla
A
Foramen magnum
2
Q
Which of the meninges lies closest to the skull? A. Pia B. Cerebrum C. Arachnoid D. Dura
A
Dura
*Think of a brain wearing a DAP instead of a CAP (dura - arachnoid - pia)
3
Q
What is the name of the direction of a brain slice that divides the brain into right and left hemispheres? A. Sagittal B. Horizontal C. Parietal D. Corona
A
Sagittal
4
Q
Which term means toward the front of the brain? A. Anterior B. Inferior C. Dorsal D. Superior
A
Anterior
Anterior = front, posterior = back, inferior = below, superior = above, dorsal = top, lateral = side
5
Q
Which brain area regulates reflexive, involuntary, and repetitive functions that sustain life? A. Hindbrain B. Frontal C. Midbrain D. Parietal
A
Hindbrain
6
Q
The \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ in the midbrain is responsible for relaying auditory information. A. Superior colliculus B. Inferior colliculus C. Reticular formation D. Substantia nigra
A
B. Inferior colliculus
An inferior little guy named Col Lic Ulus (like Uel) relays auditory information.
7
Q
True or False: The limbic system supports regulation of emotion, behavior, and motivation?
A
True
8
Q
All sensory information flows through the thalamus except for: A. Gustation B. Audition C. Olfaction D. Vision
A
Olfaction
9
Q
The \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ contains 50% of the total number of neurons in the brain. A. Cerebellum B. Frontal lobe C. Temporal lobe D. Limbic System
A
A. Cerebellum
10
Q
Damage to the optic nerve at the optic chiasm could result in: A. Loss of left visual field B. Loss of right visual field C. Loss of peripheral vision D. Loss of left eye vision
A
Loss of peripheral vision
11
Q
Cortical blindness is caused by: A. Significantly impaired visual acuity B. Damage to the occipital lobe C. Macular degeneration D. All of the above
A
Damage to the occipital lobe.
12
Q
Dorsal is the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ pathway and ventral is the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ pathway. A. Why, how B. How, why C. What, where D. Where, what
A
Where, what
Ventral = what's in the vent? (info about object identity) Dorsal = drain - where does it go? (object location)
13
Q
A person with damage to the parietal lobe may experience: A. Difficulty navigating using maps B. Difficulty with finger localization C. Difficulty sensing touch D. All of the above
A
D. All of the above
14
Q
A person with damage to the temporal lobe may experience:
A. Difficulty recognizing visual forms
B. Difficulty recognizing auditory sounds
C. Difficulty sensing touch
D. All of the above
A
B. Difficulty recognizing auditory sounds
15
Q
The lobe most commonly associated with executive function is: A. Frontal B. Temporal C. Parietal D. Occipital
A
Frontal
16
Q
\_\_ Area is the expressive language center located in the \_\_ lobe. A. Wernicke’s, Frontal B. Wernicke’s, Temporal C. Broca's, Frontal D. Broca's, Temporal
A
C. Broca’s, Frontal
BE
WC (water closet)
17
Q
An important role of the ventricular system is to: A. Executive function B. Visual discrimination C. Make myelin D. Make cerebral spinal fluid
A
Make cerebral spinal fluid
18
Q
\_\_ is critical for effective removal of toxins in the brain. A. Diet B. Exercise C. Sleep D. Daily vitamin
A
Sleep
19
Q
Developmentally, the brain forms myelin from: A. Top to bottom B. Back to front C. Left to right D. Inner to outer
A
Back to front
20
Q
Brain injury can result in disruption to: A. Physical structures B. Chemical balance C. Electrical balance D. All of the above
A
All of the above
21
Q
What makes males more susceptible to neurocognitive abnormalities and injury?
A. Females have larger chromosomes which is a protective factor
B. Abnormalities and congenital/acquired disorders occur more frequently in males
C. Males tend to be risk takers at a higher rate than females
D. All of the above
A
D. All of the above
22
Q
What are the 3 types of tissues that form the components of the body? A. Ectoderm, Mesoderm, Endoderm B. Ectoderm, Mesoderm, Epidermis C. Ectoderm, Epidermis, Endoderm D. Mesoderm, Endoderm, Epidermis
A
A. Ectoderm, Mesoderm, Endoderm
All 3 end in O: Ecto, Meso, Endo
23
Q
What outer abnormality increases the risk of seizure, angioma, intellectual disability, and glaucoma? A. Café au Lait spots B. Neurofibromatosis C. Port wine stains D. Velocardiofacial Syndrome
A
C. Port wine stains
24
Q
During which prenatal period are the eyes most at risk? A. Period of early cell division B. Embryonic period C. Fetal period D. All of the above
A
B. Embryonic period
25
True or false: An example of Developmental Diaschisis is when damage to lower brain functions perturbs higher brain functions.
True
26
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What is true about how the brain develops?
A. Caudal to Cephalo
B. Ventral to Dorsal
C. Dorsal to Ventral
D. Proximo to Distal
```
D. Proximo to Distal
Caudal = tail, cephalo = head
27
At what age do infants typically master the oromotor task of chewing?
D. 10-11 months
28
```
What is the leading cause of death for ages 1 to 4?
A. Congenital Anomalies
B. Heart Disease
C. Unintentional Injury
D. Influenza
```
C. Unintentional Injury
29
```
Frontal cortex filtering disorders include:
A. Gifted
B. TBI
C. Autism
D. B and C
```
D. TBI and ASD
30
```
Knowing where a ball is in space is the _ lobe and deciding if we can catch it is the _ lobe.
A. Parietal, frontal
B. Parietal, temporal
C. Occipital, frontal
D. Occipital, temporal
```
A. Parietal, frontal
31
True or False? White matter shows decreased density, organization, and complexity over time.
False
32
```
Myelination continues to mature until around age __________.
A. 16
B. 18
C. 21
D. 30
```
Myelination continues to mature until around age __________.
| D. 30
33
```
The critical period for learning the phonemes of language is __________ months.
A. 6
B. 9
C. 12
D. 24
```
The critical period for learning the phonemes of language is __________ months.
B. 9
34
The __ and __ are located in the same area of the brain.
A. Dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex and Broca's Area
B. Dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex and Wernicke's Area
C. Primary visual cortex and Broca's Area
D. Primary visual cortex and Wernicke's Area
A. Dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex and Broca's Area
35
```
What assessment specifically helps determine ability to divide auditory attention?
A. CTOPP-2
B. SCAN-3
C. Arrows subtest on the NEPSY-II
D. Word generation on the NEPSY-II
```
B. SCAN-3
36
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Q16. What area of the brain is critical to processing novel and holistic information?
A. Left temporal lobe
B. Right temporal lobe
C. Left frontal lobe
D. Right frontal lobe
```
D. Right frontal lobe
37
```
The tonic-neck reflex or Fencer's pose:
A. Is typically inhibited in adulthood, not lost
B. Is beneficial to adults
C. If typically gone by 2 months
D. Is typically gone by 4 months
```
A. Is typically inhibited in adulthood, not lost
38
The Startle Reflex is assessed by:
A. Tapping an infant's forehead repetitively
B. Having an infant try to roll to both sides
C. Making a loud noise
D. Inserting a finger into the palm of the infant's hand
Making a loud noise
39
The Glabellar Reflex is assessed by:
A. Tapping an infant's forehead repetitively
B. Having an infant try to roll to both sides
C. Making a loud noise
D. Inserting a finger into the palm of the infant's hand
A. Tapping an infant's forehead repetitively
40
Q20. Which reflexes are not normally retained in adulthood?
A. Sneezing when nasal passages are irritated
B. Toes fanning up and out when the middle of the foot is stimulated
C. Blinking eyes when touched or when there is a sudden bright light
D. Gagging when the throat or back of the mouth is stimulated
Toes fanning up and out when the middle of the foot is stimulated
