Neuroanatomy 1 06.02.23 Flashcards
What does CNS and PNS stand for?
- Central nervous system
- Peripheral nervous system
What is the peripheral nervous system? output/input
Carries info
- Motor impulses are the output to muscles
- Sensory impulses are the input to the brain
What two structures make up the forebrain?
- Telencephalon
- Diencephalon
What makes up the brainstem?
- midbrain
- Pons
- Medulla
What is rostral and caudal?
Rostral: towards the nose (that’s why there is a bend when standing up facing forward)
What is a coronal plane?
Through the ears
What is a sagittal plane?
Through the nose
What is ventral or anterior?
Forwards/ front
What is dorsal or posterior?
Backwards/ Back
What is in the grey matter?
- Neurones and other processes e.g. synapses
- Cortex which is folded into gyri (crests) and sulci (grooves)
What is in the white matter?
- Comes from myelin (which is mostly fat)
- Axons (carries information short and long distances)
- Glial cells (supports the nerves in the brain)
How are association fibres organised in the hemispheres?
- If they start in the right hemisphere, they will end in the right hemisphere and vice versa
- They are structured into bundles
What is a fasiculi?
A large bundle of fibres
What is a commissural fibre?
- The fibres cross between hemispheres
- Main one is the Corpus Callosum
What are projection fibres?
- They run up and down in the hemisphere
- They carry info from the spinal cord to the cortex and the other way round