Neuro: Blood Supply And Case Flashcards

1
Q

hemorrhage stroke is bleeding within the ___ or in ____ ____

A

Brain or in the subarachnoid space

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2
Q

Hemorrhage strokes are acute and usually involve an injury? T or F

A

False, they are spontaneous

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3
Q

Spontaneous hemorrhagic strokes can result from: 5 points

A

-uncontrolled hypertension
-cerebral amyloid angioplathy
-rupture of a saccular(berry) aneurysm
-arteriovenous malformations (AVM)
-transformation of ischemic stroke

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4
Q

A hemorrhage can lead to a _______

A

Hematoma

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5
Q

What are the two types of hematomas?

A
  1. Epidural (extradural)
  2. Subdural
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6
Q

What layers do epidural hematoma occur between?

A

Blood between the skull and dura mater

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7
Q

What layers do subdural hematomas occur between?

A

Between dura mater and arachnoid mater

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8
Q

Hematomas are usually ___ and involve ____

A

Acute, injury

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9
Q

Hematomas can lead to increase _________ _______

A

Intercranial pressue

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10
Q

Ischemia is

A

Insufficient blood flow that leads to cell death

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11
Q

What are the two major systems of vascular supply to the brain?

A

Internal carotid artery and vertebral artery (vertebrobasilar)

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12
Q

The ICA supply ____ circulation to the brain

A

Anterior

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13
Q

The ICA supply structures that are ____tentorial

A

Supratentorial

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14
Q

What is the acronym for the ICA branches that supply the brain and what do the letters stand for?

A

O-ophthalmic artery **
P-posterior communicating artery
A-anterior choroidal artery
A- anterior cerebral artery
M- middle cerebral artery *- most off. In stroke

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15
Q

What are the two parts of the ICA system for the brain

A

OPAAM and circle of Willis

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16
Q

What are the arteries involved in the circle of Willis

A

-anterior communicating
-anterior cerebral arteries
-part of internal carotid arteries
- posterior communicating arteries
-part of posterior cerebral arteries
-basilar artery*

17
Q

The vertebral artery provides the ____ circulation of the brain

18
Q

The vertebral artery supplies the ____tentorial structures

A

Infratentorial

19
Q

What are the branches of the vertebrobasilar brain supply

A

-vertebral artery
-posterior inferior cerebellar artery
-basilar artery
-pontine artery
-anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA)
-Labyrinthine artery
-superior cerebellar artery(SCA)
-posterior cerebral artery

20
Q

Which branch in the vertebrobasilar artery is supratentorial instead of infratentorial

A

The posterior cerebral artery

21
Q

At the vertebral level what arteries supply the spinal cord?

A

Anterior and posterior spinal arteries

22
Q

What is the typical sequence of sinuses starting from the superior sagittal sinus?

A

Superior sagittal sinus -> confluence of sinuses-> transverse-> sigmoid-> jugular

23
Q

Which sinuses go through the tentorium?

A

Confluence of sinuses and transverse

24
Q

Which sinus(es) goes through the falx cerebri?

A

Superior sagittal sinus

25
Q

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis is a type of stroke involving …

A

The sinus system due to clot formation

26
Q

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) prevents drainage that causes the..

A

Breakdown of the BBB that can cause hemorrhage, ischemia, vasogenic edema, and cytotoxic edema

27
Q

What nerves does the walls of the cavernous sinus contain?

A

V1
V2
IV
III
VI
Postganglionic sympathetic fibers from superior cervical ganglion