Neuro

Question 1

meningitis and encephalitis are typically caused by which pathogen?

Answer 1

Viral (enteroviruses)

Question 2

what are hallmark signs of viral meningitis

Answer 2

acute, self-limiting, fever, chills, stiff neck, frontal HA, photophobia

Question 3

whats the most common cause of encephalitis

Answer 3

HSV 1&2

Question 4

Whats the hallmark of clostridium tetani

Answer 4

painful muscle spasms (masseter muscles “lock jaw”, back, and respiratory failure)

Question 5

what are some hallmarks of clostridium botulinum

Answer 5

paralysis, nausea, dry mouth, weakness, blurred vision, diplopia, nystagmus

Question 6

describe normal flora of nervous sytem

Answer 6

Sterile

Question 7

which bacteria most often cause meningitis with neonates

Answer 7

strep. agalactiae

Question 8

which bacteria most often cause meningitis in children and adults

Answer 8

strep. pneumonia & Neisseria meningitides

Question 9

what bacteria causes meningitis in elderly

Answer 9

strep pneumonia

Question 10

what test would u run on viral meningitis

Answer 10

LP w/ CSF analysis

Question 11

how would u tx viral meningitis

Answer 11

empric IV antibiotics

Question 12

pt presents with fever, chills, headache, vomiting, photophobia, stiff neck AND a petechial rash…. what is the most common pathogen and disease

Answer 12

bacterial meningitis b/c the rash Neisseria meningitis

Question 13

how would u test for bacterial meningitis

Answer 13

CSF most important & blood cultures…

Question 14

what are two pathogens causing encephalitis

Answer 14

HSV 1 & 2

Mycoplasma pneumonia

Question 15

this disease presents with inflammation of the brain caused by a virus

Answer 15

encephalitis

Question 16

whats most common cause for brain abscess

Answer 16

streptococci

Question 17

pt presents with HA, fever and vomiting. upon PE-focal neuro deficit, toxic, altered mental status. whats most likely cause

Answer 17

brain abscess

Question 18

how would u test for brain abscess

Answer 18

CT or MRI, blood culture, CBC

Question 19

HOw would u tx brain abscess

Answer 19

antibiotics or antifungals

anticonvulsants (due to risk of seizure)

Question 20

describe the charecteristics of clostridium botulinum

Answer 20

anaerobic, gram +, spore forming bacillus found in soil/packed food

Question 21

what immunization would a pt get for clostridium tetani

Answer 21

TdaP