HEENMT

Question 1

List some normal flora seen in the pharynx

Answer 1

Strep. viridans, Staph. epi, Strep pneumonia, Haemophilus influenza

Question 2

List some of the areas that are found sterile with no flora present normally

Answer 2

paranasal sinuses, middle ear, and upper resp tract (larynx, trachea, bronchi)

Question 3

whats a normal flora seen in the nose

Answer 3

staph epi

Question 4

whats a normal flora of the nasopharynx

Answer 4

corynebacterium diphtherieae

Question 5

Diagnose chronic inflammation of the lid margins of the eye

Answer 5

blepharitis

Question 6

Distinguish between a viral and bacterial conjunctivitis?

Answer 6

Viral would present with a red eye & bacterial has more discharge/pus

Question 7

How would you treat viral conjuctivitis

Answer 7

eye lavage with saline

Question 8

Describe a Hordeolum

Answer 8

(STYE) small, painful nodule within a gland in the upper or lower eyelid

Question 9

What’s the cause for a hordeolum (stye)

Answer 9

Staph. aureas

Question 10

an internal hordeolum would also be referred to as:

Answer 10

chalazion (a focal inflammatory lesion of eyelid requires I&D and antibiotics)

Question 11

define orbital cellulitis

Answer 11

inflammation of the orbit, often caused by strep pneumonia.. usually requires hospitalization with I&D followed by antibiotics

Question 12

List the 3 main causes for Otitis media

Answer 12

strep pneumoniae, H. influenza (children) and Moraxella catarrhalis

Question 13

otitis media gotten better upon observation for 30 days after you’ve prescribed Amoxicillin, what would you prescribe to bump up tx

Answer 13

Amoxicillin-Clavulanate (Augmentin)

Question 14

What is the 1st line defense against otitis media

Answer 14

Amoxicillin after 2-3 days of observation

Question 15

These same bacteria would cause labyrnthitis that also cause otitis media

Answer 15

strep pnemoniae, H. influenza, and Moraxella catarrhalis

Question 16

pt comes in with N&V and temporary vertigo….what r they most likely to have

Answer 16

labyrinthitis

Question 17

What are some common causes of mastoiditis and how would u rx

Answer 17

strep pneumo, pyogenes, staph. aureas (MRSA). Admission, IV & Abx

Question 18

How would u tx otitis externa

Answer 18

topical abx, steroid drops

Question 19

Sinusitis cause, rx

Answer 19

strep. pneumo, H. influenza, and Moraxella cattarhalis. Rx: rest, hydrate, Sudafed. Abx if bacterial

Question 20

What are some common Upper Respiratory Infections

Answer 20

rhinovirus, coronavirus, strep throat (s.pyogenes)

Question 21

What are some hallmark signs of strep throat..

Answer 21

Fever, tender anterior cervical adenopathy, tonsil exudates, absence of cough