musculoskeletal Flashcards
describe osteomyelitis
bacteria infection of medullary bone
most common cause for osteomyelitis (pathogen)
staph aureas
This is an infection of the bone that is caused by drug users
Exogenous osteomyelitis
What are some examples of exogenous osteomyelitis
open fractures, surgery, penetrating wounds, drug users
What is another name for hematogenous osteomyelitis. Describe
Endogenous, when infected bone starts from inside-out
What is one cause of an endogenous osteomyelitis
bacteria carried in the bloodstream from a site of infection
Would a foot ulcer caused by diabetes be an example of an exogenous or endogenous osteomyelitis?
Exogenous
fixation of the root filled tooth that causes osteomyelitis would be an example of endogenous or exogenous?
endogenous
most common sites for an endogenous osteomyelitis are:
spine, vertebrae and small bones
Describe the pathophys. of osteomyelitis
Its caused by an inflammatory response which creates pus that extends out toward canal, compressing vascular supply, thrombosis eventually leading to necrosis/abscess formation
In sickle cell anemic patients whats the most common pathogen causing osteomyelitis
salmonella
How would u distinguish btw exogenous and endogenous osteomyelitis
Exogenous-fever, swelling, exudate/abscess and lymphadenopathy vs. endogenous-anorexia, wt. loss, malaise and gradual fever.
how would u treat osteomyelitis
IV antibiotics and debridement
what tests would u order for osteomyelitis. What’s one thing to consider when doing it…
CT scan, MRI or bone scan… sometimes it doesn’t show up until 2 wks.
define mycotic infection of bone
usually a secondary infection from another organ- often in the form of a fungi
how would u treat candidiasis osteomyelitis and coccidioidomycosis
oral azole antifungals
this pathogen often causes monoarticular arthritis of the knee/hip or hands/wrists; almost always from primary lung or lymph
mycobacterium tuberculous
This bone infection follows GU or GI infection that distorts immune response, resulting in asymmetric sterile osteoarthrits
Reiter’s Syndrome or reactive arthritis
How would a pt present with Reiter’s syndrome (Reactive Arthritis)
painful, swollen toes, fingers, and heels; an asymmetrical sterile osteoarthritis following a GU or GI infection.
septic arthritis is most commonly caused by which pathogen
staph. aureas
