Neuro

Question 1

meningitis is most often the ________, RNA viruses (coxsackie, echo, polio)

Answer 1

enteroviruses

Question 2

strep agalactiae (group B) is responsible for ________ in neonates

Answer 2

meningitis

Question 3

strep pneumoniae and ______ _______ are responsible for meningitis in children and adults

Answer 3

neisseria meningitidis

Question 4

strep pneuomoniae is causative from meningitis in the ______

Answer 4

elderly

Question 5

most of meningitis is ________. only 10% is bacterial.

Answer 5

viral

Question 6

fever, headache, and stiff neck are classic for _____

Answer 6

viral meningitis

Question 7

a ______ _______ is required to diagnose viral meningitis

Answer 7

lumbar puncture

Question 8

if bacterial cannot be excluded, treat with ___________

Answer 8

IV antibiotics

Question 9

most common bacterial cause of meningitis is _______ _____, also strep pneumoniae

Answer 9

neisseria meningitidis (present with petechiae)

Question 10

bacterial meningitis presents with _____, ______, headache, stiff neck, possible vomiting

Answer 10

fever (or hypothermia)

chills

Question 11

the most common causes of encephalitis is __________. may also be _______

Answer 11

herpes simplex virus

bacterial

Question 12

encephalitis will present with altered mental status and _______

Answer 12

delirium

Question 13

brain abcess is most commonly caused by _______

Answer 13

streptococci

Question 14

brain abscess is a _____________ lesion. May spread from osteomyelitis of nasal sinus, otitis media, dental-oral infections. (spread through the blood)

Answer 14

space occupying

Question 15

brain abscess will present with _______, vomiting. Treat with _______ or ______ (30% neurological deficits)

Answer 15

fever

antibiotics or antifungals

Question 16

clostridium botulinum (anaerobic, gram positive) ____________ bacillus produces toxin in the soil. May cause _____

Answer 16

spore-forming

paraylsis

Question 17

dry mouth, blurred vision, pupil dilation, nystagmus (neurological manifestations) and muscle weakness are classic symptoms of _________

Answer 17

clostridium botulinum

Question 18

treat botulism with ___________

Answer 18

ICU, antitoxin, 8% mortality

Question 19

clostridium tetani is gram ________, anaerobic, spore forming rod. Contracted by the _______

Answer 19

positive

environment

Question 20

patients with tetanus will have _____, treat with airway, support, benzos

Answer 20

spasms

fatality is 13%

Question 21

vectors of rabies are most likely _________ carnivores. Symptoms are pain and __________ at the site

Answer 21

wild
paresthesias (skin sensitive to changes in temp and wind)

Question 22

treat rabies with ________ ________

Answer 22

immune globulin